Dominația mongolă și desprinderea românilor din Muntenia de sub dominația Regatului Ungariei
The Mongol Domination and the Detachment of the Romanians of Walachia from the Hungarian Kingdom Domination

Summary/Abstract: The Golden Horde stopped the expansion of Hungary on the line of the Carpathians, creating thus an opportunity to develop for the small Romanian political organizations ruled by voivodes or cnezi, in the region east of Olt. After 1241, only Oltenia remained the single region where the Hungarian domination survived in certain forms until 1291, when a new Tatar offensive extended along the Danube, up to Serbia, the domination of the Isaccea emirate ruled by Nogai. In Oltenia, the voivode Litovoi tried in 1278 to liberate his small country from the Hungarian vassalage, and to extend it east of Olt. The Tatar hegemony provided stability and favored the establishment of the first Romanian state in northern Walachia. The legendary founder Negru Vodă came from the Făgăraş area with his military suite in 1290, when their properties were confiscated. If his identity with the father of Basarab remains controversial, it is however certain that the voivodate of Curtea de Argeş, established by the middle of the 13th century, gained its freedom from the Hungarian pretentions through the protection of the Golden Horde.

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