Tworzenie polskich kołchozów narodowościowych w ramach kolektywizacji rolnictwa na Podolu w latach 20. i 30. XX w. Przyczynek do dziejów rolnictwa na radzieckiej Ukrainie
Creating Polish National Collective Farms as a Part of Collectivization of Agriculture in Podole in the 1920s and 1930s. Contribution to the History of Agriculture in Soviet Ukraine

Summary/Abstract: One of the most important part of Leninist policy in the 1920s and the early 1930s was collectivization of agriculture whose aim was the creation of so-called collective farms. Kolkhozes were created as a result of a forced takeover of land from farmers called “kulaki”. The establishment of collective farms in Ukraine faced the greatest resistance of the civilian population, especially the Polish population whose numerous clusters existed in the Podole region. Evidence of the authorities ruthlessness in implementing the collectivization plan was a decree from August 7 1932 about the death penalty and prison – “for stealing and wasting socialist property”. This document was called “law of five ears”. In order to break the resistance against enfranchisement of the population, the authorities intentionally evoked “great hunger” which caused the deaths of six million people.

• Details
• Contents