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The main purpose of this article is to show that certain postulates of Realist and Neorealist thinking in International Relations (IR) are not really applicable on the regional configurations in the Horn of Africa. The main goals herein are: 1) to identify and underline certain endemic sources of insecurity in the Horn of Africa and 2) to argue that state-centric views on security in this region do not offer solutions for the security of individuals. The main argument which will be built throughout this article is that (Neo)realist, state-centric approaches do not trigger the security of states (through counter-balancing configurations and territorial gains) in the Horn of Africa and that Human Security is a more appropriate framework for analysis in this case. Basically the argument is that “powerful states” mean different things when exploring different regions and the huge difference between highly militarized states (hence powerful in material terms), on the one hand, and weak states, on the other, needs to be emphasized.
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Par son potentiel de développement social, culturel et économique, le continent africain dépasse aujourd’hui toutes les autres régions du monde. Etant donné l’épuisement du potentiel de croissance des pays du Nord, les ressources humaines et matérielles du continent africain obligent à une reconsidération des politiques actuelles et des partenariats stratégiques ayant un impact à moyen terme. Dans ce contexte, depuis 2013, l’Université Babeș-Bolyai (UBB) propose une stratégie visionnaire par la création du Centre d’Etudes Africaines (CESTAF) censé coordonner des réseaux didactiques, de recherche et professionnels, ainsi que des projets institutionnels et scientifiques avec des entités partenaires de l’Afrique.
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Souleymane Bachir Diagne, Comment philosopher en islam ? Traduction roumaine par Ciprian Mihali et Andreea Raţiu, Cum să filosofăm în islam ?, Idea Design & Print, Cluj, 2015. Senem Aslan, Nation building in Turkey and Morocco. Governing Kurdish and Berber Descent, Cambridge University Press, 2014.
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In our world, increasingly globalized, Africa provided for several decades the impression of a continent that arouses indignation and compassion from other countries. Although it is a continent rich in natural resources and with diverse cultures, it still remains as a world of marginalization. The core of our work is a simple, but at the same time complex question: Can we talk about post-conflict reconstruction in a continent that is considered by the West as the figurative expression of the anarchy? In order to better reply to this question, we will analyze the conflict in Mali to see if it could be avoided or at least minimize its consequences.
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The end of the 20th Century inaugurated an era of regime change and democratic fever in Central and Western Africa. Burundi made no exception to this rule, being also strongly affected by the civil wars that took place in its neighboring countries, Rwanda and D.R. Congo. But the complexity of the traditional Burundian society prevented change and postponed it and/or deflected it toward even more authoritative governmental formulas. In this article, we will analyze the contribution of civil society to the contemporary democratic transition in Burundi.
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In order to understand the outcome of national conferences and to answer to main questions of this research (about the importance of national conferences for Africans, the place and impact of national conferences in political development of those states, for political world and political science), my approach focused on some causes. There were some factors which conditioned the outcome of the conferences and I analyzed comparatively some common factors for both cases and their influence in the process of democratization: the nature of previous regime, the role of political elite, the role of civil society, the role of Catholic Church, the process of state-building and the pressure of the main external powers (former colonial powers and United States.)
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This article shows that cinema is a tool of paramount importance in the field of soft power, and examines the competition between the French film companies and Hollywood majors on the Francophone Africa film market. Thus, it analyses the way the French companies tighten their grip on the African French-speaking territories whereas these countries want to cut loose. Due to a conflict opposing a French firm and an African-owned consortium in the 1980s, a company backed by the American producers decides to take the control over film distribution in the Francophone region where Hollywood movies already dominate the screens.
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In which aspects disagreements emerge in the organization of elections in Africa? This article tries to deal with electoral complaints in Sub-Saharan Africa. It shows the recurrent arguments of failure that weaken African electoral systems. It presents the breaches of Independent Electoral Commissions and brings out commonly used fraud techniques. It recommends the improvement of transparency and free competition.
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Long before the events of 2015, the literature has focused on reasons that have determined some people to join extremist movements and to carry out attacks. In this paper we propose to come to reading a few novels: Alaa al-Aswany, L’immeuble yacoubian, Yasmina Khadra, L’attentat, Karine Tuil, L’invention de nos vies, that will show how identities are found in crisis and draws the attention upon the relationship between the individual, the religious problem and politics.
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Since 1996, the academic journal Studia Europaea, issued by the Faculty of European Studies, has been representing an open arena for promoting research endeavours. The journal is refereed by international specialists and officially acknowledged by the Romanian National University Research Council (CNCSIS). Studia Europaea is covered by several prestigious databeses, such as ProQuest CSA Worldwide Political Science Abstracts, ProQuest CSA Sociological Abstracts or Central and Eastern European Online Library (CEEOL). Each article is reviewed by two independent academics in a “double-blind” system. Senior as well as junior academics from Europe and from the United States have found in Studia Europaea a way of expressing their preoccupations by publishing academic articles that have focused on the European experience and perspectives in various fields of social science.
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Hiring local artists to collaborate on efforts intending to change values and alter behavior is an approach used by aid organizations in international development. Soft-power campaigns targeting local attitudes are often seen by the development institution as positive collaborations between foreign humanitarians and local artists. “Song for Hawa,” a 2013 collaboration between Liberian artist/rapper Takun J, and the international NGO PCI Media Impact, is a cultural diplomacy campaign intending to engage Liberians about the difficult topic of child rape. This paper discusses concerns with this instrumental approach to culture in development, and difficulties with the impact evaluationof using art to affect social change.
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The article analyses the African colonial expansion from the late 19th century to the early 20th century as presented in the Romanian diplomatic correspondence. The aim of our initiative is to highlight to what extent and in what perspective, the competition of the Great Powers in Africa had interested Romania, a European state without any involvement or opportunity to work “abroad”. On another level, we have been able to observe how aspects of world history are presented in the Romanian diplomatic documents archived by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. At the same time, it is obvious that Romanian diplomatic documents provide the necessary nuances, confirmations and additions to what was known about the foreign collections of documents and archive material used by the works of foreign historians, completing in a positive way the image of the mentioned period.
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A central problem of the actual political ethics is to fit the means to the justified ethical goals. In our case, it is the situation when, for rescuing the civil population from a state affected by a civil war or another military conflict, the donor must utilize a certain military means. What is our view about the goals of the humanitarian aid and why this political action is more and more perceived as harmful? Our thesis is that is a common moral responsibility of the donors and the receivers for both the means and the goals of the humanitarian aid and we cannot assume that only a part is responsible.
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In many African countries, the political power is more often than not controlled by authoritarian governments. Armed conflicts and insecurity break out when political figures emerging from the populations resist in a violent or non-violent way to the anti-democratic power. This article analyses how Sony Labou Tansi, a Congolese writer, casts lights on the lack of democracy in some African countries through a vivid description of their socio-political environment. The political violence leads to the dispersion of African populations and their migration towards peaceful nations. This situation contributes, in a certain extent, to the internationalization and globalization of cultures, a theme explored by postcolonial studies.
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