SPRAWOZDANIA, UWAGI, POLEMIKI
50. rocznica wznowienia Gramatyki pomorskiej Fryderyka Lorentza (50th Anniversary of Re-edition of Gramatyka pomorska [Pomeranian Grammar] by Friedrich Lorentz)
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50. rocznica wznowienia Gramatyki pomorskiej Fryderyka Lorentza (50th Anniversary of Re-edition of Gramatyka pomorska [Pomeranian Grammar] by Friedrich Lorentz)
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„The diplomatic tact by which the teenage – twenty-something poet made himself accepted by the geniuses of the period is amazing.” Sándor Weöres is one of the most important poets of the twentieth century, whose oeuvre is unparalleled in world literature as well. The review focuses on the collection of his letters considering the events of the poet’s career.
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„Vilmos Csaplár in the prime of his authorial power overwrites János Kádár. He voodooes him. He stabs sentences into the clay-secretary.” Gábor Németh’s review is a special literary essay in which he analyses Vilmos Csaplár’s ironic work that places the figure of Kádár in fabulous surroundings.
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„…what kind of work is this, what is the genre, what is the narrative along the line of which it can be interpreted, what can and can’t we expect from it?” The writer Ádám Bodor’s unusual volume of autobiographical interviews, in which the interlocutor was the poet Zsófia Balla, won in 2002 the Hungarian Prize for Literature for the best volume of the previous year. The present review by Péter Dérczy analyses the work as a special autobiographical „novel”.
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„The material of the book enriches the image of one of the most contradictory period of twentieth century Hungarian literature.” The journal Sorsunk, one of the important intellecual predecessors of Jelenkor, worked in Pécs from 1941 to 1948. Its editor-in-chief was Nándor Várkonyi, its editors were Sándor Weöres and Győző Csorba, among its authors one can find Iván Mándy, Miklós Mészöly, Béla Hamvas, Gyula Illyés and László Németh. The review by the editor-in-chief of Jelenkor examines the breviary published in 2002 representing the history of the journal.
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„Ildikó Zsemlye’s works are embraced by the broadening ring of the philosophical and art-historical problematic of the relationship between nature and art…” The essay places the young sculptress’unusual sculpture-landscapes in an art-philosophical context, falling back on the 18th century tradition of landscape-gardening and the aesthetics of Kant.
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„The starting-point of the work is a highlighted statement by an Austrian colleague, namely, that Austrian literature in the twentieth century had always been ’postmodern’”. The present writing is a thorough and strict criticism of the book on the twentieth century Austrian novel by Attila Bombitz. By the course of the debate authors like Ransmayr, Bachmann, Bernhard or Doderer are mentioned.
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Bilingualism and Identity Negotiation is an article that intends to deal with the question of translation of the literature created in Galicia – historical autonomous community with its own culture and language. One of the consequences of the coexistence of Spanish and Galician on the same territory are the stereotypes and the social and communicational functions related to both languages. Due to these divisions there are two varieties of Galician (galego normativo and galego enxebre) and Spanish (castellano estándar and castellano agalegado), that differ in the way they approach the language norm and the way the Galician society perceives them. We look at this complicated relation between the two people (characters in the short story entitled Desviación da chamada by Galician writer Fran Alonso) whotry to negotiate their positions during the conversation they maintain in different languages. We contemplate the problem of translating this multilingual and multicultural story to Polish without losing its content and powerful expression.
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A crucial factor defining the perception of Latin-American literature in the world was the sense of cultural otherness, which had its consequences in translation. Contemporary Latin-American prose distances itself from tendencies typical of magical realism and aims at describing Latin-American reality such as it is, which is not that of a magical land of Native American rituals, but one of modern, urban cityscapes. Latin America described in such manner ceases to be distinctively different from Europe or USA, which, again, has its consequences in translation. The article catalogues translations of Latin-American literature and it examines the lack of presence of motives culturally alien to Polish readers, putting forward the aforementioned “(none)otherness”..
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The article presents specificity of Meidän Herramme muurahaisia stories by Finnish author Aapeli, who shows life of a Finnish province in a fictional town in the middle of the twentieth century. Even though general matters and nature of many characters are universal, some typically Finnish realities of life and historical details can be unfamiliar to a non- Finnish reader and make them misunderstand these stories. For this reason, the challenges encountered over the polish translation have been presented in the article as well. The translators’ main goal was to retain the original specificity and at the same time to explain the unfamiliar elements in a way, the reader could broaden their knowledge about Finland and its people as well as take pleasure in amusing reading.
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The present text emphasizes the impossibility of existence of culture-independent translation. The literary world of many Augusto Roa Bastos’s novels is characterized by (Spanish and Guaraní) bilingualism which results in specific difficulties encountered by translators. Andrzej Nowak, the Polish translator of I, the Supreme, shows extraordinary creativity in translating numerous word games reflecting the way of thinking of Gauaraní Indians in the Spanish language. To appropriately reflect the sound of the Paraguayan language in I, the Supreme, it is postulated to introduce in the Polish version some “third” language, different from the standard Polish language.
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The two filters, linguistic and cultural, are discussed in Eva Hoffman’s book Lost in Translation and its Polish and French versions. Eva Hoffman’s own “paradise lost” of childhood in Poland is conditioned by an American filter and her criticism of the “brave new world” of America is inspired by a Polish filter. The comparison between the original and both translations reveals author’s and translators’different perception of the world. The Polish translation tries to upgrade the stylistic level but curtails the text in terms of variety of associations. The reader gets a less subtle message of the inner struggle and hesitation of the author. The French translation seems too literal but that is why sometimes it goes paradoxically astray. The comparison of both Polish and French translations shows that the filters used in each case can lead to different results.
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Śmierć zwykle przychodzi nie w porę – grono hispanistów i przekładoznawców z Polski i z całego świata szykuje od kilku miesięcy księgę, która miała być niebawem wręczona Jadwidze podczas specjalnej jubileuszowej uroczystości. Tam mieliśmy wygłosić nasze przemówienia, pewnie nie obyłoby się bez różnych przekomarzań i dowcipów, bo Profesor Konieczna-Twardzikowa źle tolerowała uniwersytecką celebrę i zawsze przekłuwała jakieś „balony”. Zamiast tej uroczystości w tak lubianym przez nią Klubie Convivium spotykamy się w tym cysterskim opactwie, w jej rodzinnym Szczyrzycu, wokół urny z prochami Profesor Jadwigi.
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Language diversity plays a very important role in contemporary literature, novels written in non-standard language varieties are published very frequently and nonstandard varieties are no longer considered inferior. However, polyphonic texts are often translated into a uniform standard language variety, and since the choice of a dialect or register may have important implications for a novel’s interpretation, standardization leads to cant changes in meaning. This translation technique is so widely used because of various barriers between the source and taget language and culture, but can also be due to ideological considerations. The present article presents the functions of language variation in literary texts, the techniques used for their translation and the dangers of standardization.
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In this article problems associated with translation difficulties arising from language, culture and time differences are discussed. The role of the translator-conceptualizer in the process of decoding of information contained in the output text is highlighted. Dependence between the adopted reality description and acquired knowledge, language as well as encyclopedic competence is also considered. The author examines the importance of modifications determined by cognitive baggage of the translator introduced into a target text.
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The author considers the problems of the song’s translation on the example of the Russian romance Dorogoj dlinnoju and their translational versions (other languages). She takes into consideration the transformations on the verbal, cultural and musical layers. The author ponders on the equivalence of the translation in the context of a guarantee of translator’s success.
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In the article The original, its translation and the language “intermediary”, we take in consideration the novel The lilas are blooming in Warsaw relating the history of Poland between 1945 and 1980. This one seen from the perspective of Polish personage narrators, while adopting their own language rended in French. Written in this language and published in 1981 in Montreal, French speaking Quebec, this work nevertheless is known especially in its translation in English (1985). It represents therefore the double meaning of “strangeness culture” notion: first in comparison with the literary own identity tendencies in the French-speaking Quebec (Polish theme and speech returned in French, remain “foreigners” in this context); as well as especially this novel translated in the other language – in English. In fact, the differences envisaged by the bias of comparative analysis of the fragments of French original and English translation make obvious the modifications of the text of departure. From social novel with clear nostalgic emigration features (kind of alternative autobiography of authors), this work becomes transformed into above historical novel with all documentary marks. Thus the English version, in principle more “universal” for multiplying number of potential readers, it imposes another view, consequently distorting this basically one of the French original.
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