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Surveys and References / An Successful Start on the Scientific Field. On the Occasion of Release of Monograph of Grigor Bojkov. Tatar Bazardjic. From the Founding of the Town up to XVII Century. Studies and Documents. Sofia, Publ. AMICITIA, 2008. 354 p.
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In Russia the problem with prisoners-of-war and the concern toward Russians taken as prisoners is a part of the state history and its institutions. The research briefly traces the development and the solving of this problem since the middle of XVI century (when Ivan Grozny reformed the Russian army and imposed taxes for its keeping, among which a .captivity. tax), through the events of XVII century, brought forth by the increasing interest of Moscow toward Persia and Middle Asia, to reach naturally to a well documentally grounded presentation of the interpretation of issue with the XVIII century prisoners-of-war. The problem is studied mainly through the prism of the Russian-Turkish relations for that period. The diplomatic acts of the Russian ambassadors are traced with the concrete results that they brought, reflected as stipulations in the international treaties and the actual measures taken for the liberation of the Russian prisoners-of-war.
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Sources and Documents / The beginning of the systematic training of combatant naval officers and navigators for the civil shipping was studied in publications for a long time, but its thorough description is still in its starting stage, because up to now it was done mainly on memoirs with limited use of archive documents. That is why every authentic document, connected with the problem and used in scientific studies, is no doubt, important for the research on the theme. Furthermore - obviously, personal academic documents issued from different units of the Bulgarian naval educational system before 1944 are used quite rarely in the scientific publications. That is why, every published and analyzed document of that type enriches our diplomatic history. In 1997 in the State archives -Varna (nowadays Territorial State archives -Varna) the personal documents of the well-known in the Bulgarian history naval officer from the merchant marine Georgi Bogomilov Djulgerov (1908.1971) were donated. These documents are the most complex gathering of documents of a .captain of high seas navigation. published so far. That is why this collection has the potential to shed light on the problem of training of professional naval cadres in Bulgaria, as well to present some of its aspects in a new way.
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The documents from the Archives of the Bulgarian Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the ruling communist party provide a rich base for a detailed study of the foreign-economical activities of Bulgaria with the Near East during the Cold war period and in particular with one of the main partners of the Eastern block in that region - Egypt. The article attempts to clarify the strategic aims of the Bulgarian economic policy in respect of Egypt. In the context of the leading tendencies of bilateral nature, the study marks the fundamental problems of the Bulgarian energetic needs in the examined period, the efforts on Bulgarian part to offer as a main export commodity the products of its civil machine-building as well as the building of Bulgarian kind of light industry factories, aiming a longer-term target - favorable development in the modernization of the Bulgarian economics which was organized and technologically shaped as a soviet project. The article traces the process of strengthening of the positions of the products of the military-industrial complex as a main feature of the Bulgarian export for Egypt, which despite all expectations didn.t guarantee the Bulgarian economic interests.
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In the middle of the 80-ies of the last century, the crisis in the states from the socialist camp in Eastern Europe, including the Soviet Union, became ever more deeper and obvious and in fact irreversible. The attempts of the ruling circles to overcome, or at least to diminish the most negative consequences of this crisis were unsuccessful. The communists in the system saw the increasing need for radical changes in the system, while their opponents saw - what in the long run became reality - the need for changing the system itself. Bulgaria is one of the states in Eastern Europe where the changes began later. The Bulgarian authors as a whole accept the events from the end of 1989 as a start of the so-called transition in Bulgaria. The present article traces the events and particular facts that followed the fall from power of Todor Zhivkov in 10 November 1989. The essential contribution of the article is that this is made through the prism of all research materials of Bulgarian authors who wrote on that theme. In this way it forms a full historiography picture of the researches on that topic.
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Sources and Documents / The starting point of the author’s study are not the characteristics of the Besarabian Bulgarians as a whole - their way of life, the history of their migration, their folklore heritage, the imposed influences from the adoptive states, the modernization of their cultural traditions nowadays, the political factors sustaining (or crushing) their national self-consciousness in this specific Bulgarian community, placed outside the limits of the motherstate. The interest of the author in that ethnographic group has a different origin and starts from the point of view of the magazine “Nation and politics”, published mainly during the thirties of XX century in Sofia. As an independent periodical on public and political issues, edited by young intellectuals on an absolutely voluntary and noncommercial principles, that newspaper became an interesting focus, through which one could catch the spirit of the epoch and to register the main tendencies in the development of the Bulgarian social opinion at that time, including on the questions of the Bulgarians, who lived outside the limits of Bulgaria.
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Schoolchildren protesting Latvia’s educational reform greet European parliamentary deputies in Strasbourg--with some inside help.
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The Council of Europe’s Venice commission is to examine the use of the high representative’s powers in Bosnia.
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It may not bridge all the differences between Bosnian Muslims and Croats, but the attention paid to Mostar’s Old Bridge may reawaken them to the truth that it doesn’t hurt to be civilized with one another.
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J. K. Rowling’s protest helped take handicapped Czech children out of “cages.” But will it help find them homes?
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Instead of relocating Siberia's elderly to warmer climes, say the authors of 'The Siberian Curse,' Russia should subsidize them until they die off.
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Lukashenka marks his 10th anniversary in power in typical style: listing his virtues, cracking down on the opposition, and throwing out a Russian TV channel.
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Republika Srpksa passes a resolution warning indicted war criminals to turn themselves in or face arrest. It sounds all too familiar, and weak-willed, to many people.
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People on the right have pluralism encoded in them, claims the head of Poland's flagship public-service television channel.
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The on-again, off-again relations between the majority and the Roma in one Polish town mirror the situation across Central Europe.
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The worst accident since 2002 claims the lives of 36 in Ukraine’s mining heartland.
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Bosnia’s politicians are too slow in adopting reforms to enable the country to sign a Stabilization and Association Agreement with the EU.
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Georgia’s president threatens to tear up the 1992 ceasefire agreement with South Ossetia.
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