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The text presents some unknown letters from Teodor Trayanov to Dora Dustabanova written from 1932 to her death in 1937. Analyzed are the private relations between the poet and the actress, as also her influence on his creativity. An unknown poem, probably devoted to Dora Dustabanova is included.
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Thе paper discusses some applications of the image of the 'Apostle' of the Bulgarian freedom Vasil Levski during the communist and post-communist decades in Bulgaria. The survey examines a chronologically wide empirical territory outlined by the socialist press and literature of the 1960s and 1970s, but also approaches models of interpretation in two contemporary lyrical anthologies devoted to the 'Apostle' (2000 and 2017). Models of ideological „absorption“ of the figure of the 'Apostle' are analyzed in the context of the socialist anniversary procedures most of which are dominated by the marking of his death. The text focuses further on specific cases that reconstruct totalitarian imagery and language practices in representative artistic editions from the last two decades of XX century.
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The idea of State Sovereignty might be considered as one of key ideas throughout the history of Georgia. Due to its geographical location, geo-political function and territorial lack, Georgia often found itself in the middle of big political contradictions. Wars and the tragedies that occurred after the war were an integral attribute of the history of Georgia. From ancient times, large empires often conquered it: Iran, Arabia, Ottoman, Mongolia…The reaction of the Georgian society to colonialism was traditionally distinguished by the struggle to retain the Orthodox faith and restore the political status quo in all possible ways. However, from the beginning of 19th century something different and even strange for Georgia happened… At the end of the 18th century, the issue of foreign political orientation of Georgia, in particularly east Georgian kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti, remained unresolved. Georgia had to make the choice between the three countries fighting for power in the South Caucasus: Iran, Ottoman and Russia. King Erekle II decided to conclude the agreement with Russia, since Russia seemed to be the most powerful political candidate in this fight and, besides, Russia was a country with the same religious belief. The main condition of the agreement was to keep the Kartli-Kakheti throne and the Georgian Church unchanged.
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This text aims to present the way in which hygiene and prophylaxis have been conceived in Bulgaria after its Liberation: both as a problem of the newly emerging state and of the Bulgarian literature. After the Liberation in Bulgaria, hygiene and disease prevention have been as important as the construction and functioning of the state. However, health laws, projects, reports have proven unable to change the sanitary and hygiene conditions of life in the state, nor the mentality of its citizens. From this point of view, it is possible draw comparisons with other peoples and countries’ experience, mainly with a view to unifying certain documents. At the same time, in social terms, it is not just a delay we can identify but a lag behind developed countries. Institutionalisation after the Liberation, which also forms part of the sphere of healthcare, can be accepted as a contentious issue as it may be interpreted as a rapid course of external imposition or as a set of concepts and practices against the slow pace of internal change. If non-fiction texts insist on the need for hygiene and prophylaxis, then in literary texts these problems fail to turn into ‘events.’ Commenting on some hygienic and prophylactic practices, Bulgarian literature actually deals in most cases with other things (about what happens to the national body, the socio-economic, political and moral shocks that shake the ‘new earth’), a context in which different moral, ethical and societal problems are encountered.
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This article explores teaching literature in postmodern society as a challenge and critical reading and critical writing in secondary school literature as a phenomenon of culture. Literary-Discourse Discourse is modeled on models of the critical thinking development and reading program as part of the training to improve the functional literacy and civil participation skills and competences of students and allow for the practical application of these both in the classroom and in the contemporary society, which is tolerant towards otherness and multiculturalism in the globalized world of the 21st century. The pedagogical framework for the CMMR is considered. It presents an educational concept with three strands: "spurring interest – understanding significance - reflection". These concern the development of cognitive skills and processes in students educational settings.
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This paper presents the Project of the Faculty of Philology at Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski” which is dedicated to studying Paisius’s Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya, its older and newer transcripts, and to sustaining the interest for this unique phenomenon – essentially, the first spark of national consciousness, the rebirth of a nation, the first harbinger of the Renaissance.
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