Утицај финансијског криминалитета на политички амбијент

Author(s): Goran B. Miloševic,Dragan M. Cvetkovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2012

Financial crime is a range of criminal activities, with major consequences on the economic, political, and social security plan. This type of crime not only undermines the economic and monetary system, but it undermines political stability and security of the country, and makes an impact on social relations at the national and international level. This leads to the spread of economic inequality, reducing the chances of entering the country in foreign direct investment, reduces the rate of economic growth and hinders the creation of a democratic society, rule of law and market economy, there is less trust in the state and its institutions and in general there a crisis of values of the normative system. The aim of this paper is to present the main features of this type of crime and the effects that occur due to the whole society, with special emphasis on the political environment.

Участието в проекти – качествен инструмент за мотивация на ученици и учители

Author(s): Ivaylo Staribratov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 4/2017

The article shares the school experience in developing and participating in various projects over the last ten years. The approach to accomplishing these projects is an essential part of the motivation for better inclusion in the learning process both by students and teachers. Professional competencies are enhanced substantially among students who have completed internship outside of Bulgaria. The acquaintance of the teachers with the organization and curricula of the other European countries increases the quality of the regular educational process in our school.

Училището среща икономиката

Author(s): Carmen Struck / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 5/2017

The text presents the realization of a project for enhancing pupils’ competences for optimal organization of their school life and preparation for their personal and professional future as well as for raising the level of education. Described are the stages of implementation, the way of interaction between the school and the business. The results achieved during the implementation of the initiative are outlined.

Учителите за продължаващата професионална квалификация на педагогическите кадри в България

Author(s): Iliana Petkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2018

Adolescents can receive good training only from well-trained teachers. That is why the quality of their continuing qualification is one of the key issues not only in Bulgaria but also in Europe. The paper will present results of a national survey research related to the continuing training of pedagogical staff in Bulgaria, conducted in 2015 by a team of professors from the Faculty of Education of the oldest university in Bulgaria – “St. Kliment Ohridski” University of Sofia. The results represent the teachers‘ opinions about the current state of the system, but also their vision of it. The outlined weaknesses can show the ways for its improvement, and the positive sides to being the basis for upgrading and development.

Фактори за икономическо неравенство :

Уроците от Латинска Америка

Author(s): Elena Spasova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

The region of Latin America is considered as one of the regions in the world with the highest degree of economic inequality. In the following report, the data on economic inequality in the region since the 90s of the 20th century is presented and analyzed. The aim of the data analysis is the identification of the interdependences between the degree of inequality, current macroeconomic policies and international economic processes in the last decades. Consequently, conclusions are drawn on the factors of economic inequality and the opportunities for contemporary governments to correct this problem characterizing a lot of national economies.

Факторы конкурентоспособности малых стран и особенности их формирования в республике Беларусь

Author(s): Alla Pranevich / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 26/2015

Increasing competitiveness of national economy has become even more relevant due to the worsening problems of the world economy as a whole. This task takes the first place among the issues of national importance, because it’s closely connected to the achievement of rapid economic development and rising living standards of population. The goal of the article: To identify the problems and prospects of improvement of competitiveness of national economy of the Republic of Belarus, based on determination of competitiveness factors of a small open economy. Subject of research - competitiveness factors of small open economies. Methods: analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, historical analysis, a systematic approach. Results of the article: micro and macroeconomic competitiveness factors of the Republic of Belarus were analyzed on the basis of systematization of theoretical approaches to the analysis of the competitiveness of a small open economy; problems of maintenance of competitiveness in the global economic crisis were identified; perspective ways to improve the competitiveness of the national economy, and possible ways of cooperation between the Republic of Belarus and its major trading partners were defined. Sphere of application: development of strategic directions of cooperation of the CIS and foreign countries and the Republic of Belarus in order to minimize the effects of the global economic crisis and maintain the competitiveness of the national economy. Conclusions: 1. In terms of globalization, a new approach to the definition of competitiveness and competitive advantages of the countries based on a comprehensive understanding of international competitiveness is formed. 2. The main external factors which influence competitiveness are: globalization of the world economic relations, increasing of economic openness growing importance of specific international groupings of countries, growing competition for FDI, knowledge, best practices and human capital. 3. Analysis of the factors of competitiveness of the Republic of Belarus revealed positive (favorable geographical position, cheap energy and a high level of human capital) and negative (small FDI inflows, use of only one vector in foreign trade, the predominance of intermediate and reducing the share of investment imports, large share of state property, low government spending on research and development, underdevelopment of the stock market, the low degree of competition) sides of the national economy 4. Solving problems of forming factors of national competitiveness in the context of globalization lies in: internationalization of Belarusian enterprises; formation of clusters; development of the institute of public-private partnership (PPP); intensification of exports and increase of share of high-tech products; attracting the leading multinationals in the sphere of passenger car industry, pharmaceutical industry, etc.

ФАКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ПОМЕЩИЧЬЕГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА ЛАИШЕВСКОГО УЕЗДА КАЗАНСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ В ПОРЕФОРМЕННЫЙ ПЕРИОД

Author(s): Yelena Valerevna Mironova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2014

Using unpublished materials, we consider manor farms in the Laishevsky uyezd in the second half of the 19th and the early 20th century. By analyzing factors and patterns of development of manors of the nobility, we come to a conclusion that manors in this uyezd were in favorable geographical and socio-economic conditions. However, due to a number reasons such as loan debts, lack of agronomic knowledge among owners and stewards, landowners’ engagement in state service, the reduction of manor land ownership look place.

Феминизация на учителската професия в България

Author(s): Petrana Stoykova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2018

Alongside with the massovisation of the Bulgarian education there is also a process of feminization of the teaching profession. According to Eurostat data from 2017, the demographic profile of the contemporary Bulgarian teacher is as follows: with bachelor or master degree (93% of the teaching staff); female (84% of all teachers in the country); over 50 years old (48% of the Bulgarian teachers). This article investigates different reasons for the feminisation of the teaching profession in Bulgaria and the consequences of turning this profession into a predominantly female one. The analysis is based on the results of 30 in-depth interviews with former and current Bulgarian teachers conducted by the author in March 2018.

Фестивалът на дивите цветя – нови посоки за развитие на селото

Author(s): Yana Yancheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2018

In this article I present the potential of the Wild Flower Festival in the area of the villages of the upper bank of the Arda River as a new type of ‘production’ and an alternative non-agricultural way for development in the rural context. The article follows the history and mission of the festival in its development, the specialized events and the interactions between the main social actors – external NGO specialists and local stakeholders. It reflects the impact of the festival on the local communities through the mobilization of knowledge and experience, the appreciation of local cultural specifics, targeted actions for preservation of the natural and cultural wealth of the Rhodope Mountains. The article explores how local natural and cultural resources are being used as a new type of production in rural areas.

Филозофија људског рада пред изазовима новог доба

Author(s): Darko Marinkovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2009

Modern age, and that is industrial society, that had been founded on human freedoms and rights, multiparty parliamentarian democracy and market contestability, has brought about fundamental changes in the nature, character, content and way of human work, therefore presenting a whole line of challenges to the ethics and philosophy of human work. A new way of production has not only influenced the human work as a process of creation of material and spiritual achievements, but also has changed a whole way of life, human interrelations and the system of social and moral values. Human daily lives have gained not only a new content, but also a new structure. This has brought about a clear and visible division between working and non-working parts of day. From the area of a dominantly agricultural production with the nature being both the working and life environment, the human work has been moved to a closed space of industrial machinery therefore establishing a technical division of work and the work has become increasingly specialized or partitioned. It is especially important to underline that it has led to emergence of an extremely great dynamics of the changes in the field of human work as well. Therefore it is possible to declare that it is precisely the dynamics of the changes that has actualized the old issues and created a whole line of new issues in the philosophy and ethics of human work.

Финансова децентрализация: състояние и перспективи

Author(s): Yavor Alexiev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2017

The deteriorating state of municipal budgets creates a number of obstacles to their use as a tool for policy-making. The discontinued fiscal decentralization process and some of the recent attempts to address the problem of increasing indebtedness among local authorities created prerequisites for an increase in the local tax burden, while prospects for improving the fiscal situation of municipalities are still lacking. The structure of municipal expenditures shows an increasing importance of the absorption of EU funds and a continuing dependence on the decisions of the central government. The relocation of personal income tax proceeds back to municipalities seems the only viable alternative within the existing tax system.

Финансовая поддержка государством научно-технической и инновационной деятельности в Российской Федерации

Author(s): Angelina Gudkova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 25/2015

Funding for research and development is an important determinant of the state scientific-technical potential and ultimately the impact of scientific and scientific-technical activities. The objectives of government policy to support research and innovation includes the development of national scientific complex in conditions of limited financial resources. In this regard, it is about improving the efficiency of use of Federal budget funds through the use of various forms of financing of scientific research and development.The article discusses the state of the system of financial support of the scientific complex. The application of different mechanisms of influence on the participants of economic relations relating to the commercial implementation of scientific knowledge and technology. The attention is focused on the opportunities closed-end mutual funds for building effective forms of legitimate tax planning.The study is conducted on the basis of the analysis of the applicable financing mechanisms; the need to integrate the efforts of government and business in solving scientific and engineering problems.

Фінансова політика економічного зростання

Author(s): Volodymyr Pasichnyk / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 31/2016

The subject of research is theoretical and practical issues of the financial policy formation of economic growth. The research goal is disclosure for financial policy of economic growth. Research methods. In this paper, a set of scientific methods and approaches used, including systemic, structural, comparative, factorial methods that allowed to realize conceptual integrity of the research. The results of the research. The economic essence of the financial policy of economic growth disclosed. Its essence is to use a set of economic relations in the formation of an effective distribution and redistribution of the gross domestic product and national income between its individual links, which are defined properly structured system of financial institutions and their relationships to create the appropriate conditions for sustainable economic growth. Fiscal policy is an important tool for economic development. Identifying priority areas of financial policy in the medium and long term will increase the impact of structural changes in the economy and the social sphere, development of human capital. A balanced approach to the development and implementation of financial policies require consideration the impact of exogenous and endogenous factors on the economic system. In addition, the state should proceed from the need to ensure financial stability in the development of the main directions of economic policy. It is reasonable to realization prudent financial regulation taking into consideration trends in economic growth, the reduction of the public debt weight to gross domestic product and debt burden on the budget. An important task of the financial system is to ensure optimal redistribution of the gross domestic product, financial and economic resources to stimulate the domestic economy. Dynamic economic system development of the country depends on the quality of the financial policy institutional mechanisms. It is important to improve the efficiency of financial and economic policy, taking into account the cyclical economy at the present stage transformations. Development and implementation of financial policies should be based on evidence-based provisions that will strengthen the financial system balance and effectiveness of the financial regulation of society. Area of the research application. Formation of financial policy. Financial support for economic growth. Conclusions. Fiscal policy is an important tool for regulating economic development. The priority areas of financial policy in the medium term should be the improvement of the institutional framework of financial regulation, improving the effectiveness of fiscal planning and forecasting gradual reasonable growth rate of monetization, development of financial intermediary institutions, improving the effectiveness of currency regulation, strengthening the relationship with financial regulation cyclical economic development , macroeconomic balance. The financial mechanism is an important part of the economy state regulation, which is aimed to ensuring balanced development of economy and social sphere. In the conditions of economic recovery there is strengthening and promoting the role of the state in regulating the production and financial sector, as defined in the support of economic entities, a significant share of the financing of research from the budget, increasing the state's share in the total gross investment , the volume of government contracts. At the current stage of economic development it is important to realize financial incentive policies to restore the positive dynamics of economic growth and welfare. Further research is expedient to direct to deepen the nature and role of the financial component of social development to ensure sustainable economic growth.

ФІНАНСУВАННЯ ОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ

Author(s): Vitalina Malyshko,Inna Makarchuk,Yuliia Horodnichenko / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 38/2018

The relevance of the research topic. The financing of education in Ukraine has been and remains a topical issue of our time. Now true important issues are reforms in the education system, creating a government environment for a rational use of resources of state and local budgets. Thus the main objective should be to ensure adequate financing of the sector by optimizing budgetary and extrabudgetary sources of its development. Statement of the problem. Education funding is one of the main factors of economic growth and sustainable development of the state, so the study of this topic will always be relevant. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Education funding is devoted to the many scientific publications. The study of this question were engaged in such domestic scientists as: T. M. Bogolib, A. Yu. Boyko, J. G. Buckovski, Z. S. Varnaly, A. V. Velichko, I. S. Kalenyuk, L. V. Kozorezenko, V. V. Malyshko, I. Yu. Chugunov, L. M. Yaremenko and others. Among foreign authors it is necessary to allocate the work. N. Lukashenko, V. Marcinkiewicz, J. Nematov, G. Hoag. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Insufficient funding of the education sector depends on the public authorities. In Ukraine, since the beginning of the 2018/2019 academic years held an educational reform, which requires further research and improvement. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The aim is to study theoretical and practical aspects of education financing in Ukraine. Method or methodology for conducting research. The authors apply a set of methods of scientific research: generalization, comparative analysis, statistical and other research methods. Presentation of the main material (results of work). It analyses the state of education financing in Ukraine in 2005-2017 years. The field of application of results: Ministry of education and science of Ukraine, Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Conclusions. In Ukraine financing of the education system is characterized by imperfection of normative-legal support and insufficient financial resources. The problem of our country lies in the fact that at the state level lack of understanding of the vital necessity in a competitive education system.

Форми и политически инструменти за стратегическо направляване на образователни институции и спортни организации

Author(s): Ivan Sandanski / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2017

The article sets out to unpack the modes of governance and related policy instruments for steering educational establishments and sport organisations employed by the Sofia municipality Department of Prevention, Integration, Sport and Tourism (DPIST). These instigate a process of institutionalization the actions and behaviours of local schools, kindergartens, sport clubs, youth organisations, and various social groups participating in DPIST funded or supported projects and sport initiatives. Four primary modes of strategic steering are identified including coercion, voluntarism, targeting and framework regulation. The process of steering collective actions, policies and resources is premised on creating a system of institutionalized rules. In fact, such a process takes hybrid forms. The key mechanism for achieving both the strategic and sport policy intentions of Sofia municipality has been the machinery of project management. It is also demonstrated that the pursuit of the new promoted vision envisaging Sofia as a vibrant city of juvenile, active and innovative people where sport, in combination with education, volunteering and entrepreneurship, is seen as the key means and agent of social change, however, requires a proactive forward thinking and strategic approach. It is directed towards pursuing some future, but still unknown desired state in terms of necessary social time, space and projection. Due to this uncertainty Sofia municipality reasonably has relied on a set of already tested in the social practice sources of reasoning and mechanisms of cognitive knowledge and social interventions.

Формиране на новобългарския книжовен език през Възраждането

Author(s): Tatyana Aleksandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2018

The article discusses the relationship between some peculiarities of the New Bulgarian literary language and the process of formation of the Bulgarian nation during the Renaissance. Characteristics such as piety to native language, movement to build a common and comprehensible for all literary language with modern norms, use of variant forms; a lack of a narrowly dialectic basis mark the pattern of forming of national literary language corresponds to such historical features as the lack of political autonomy, as well as the principles of egalitarianism and democratization, and a network model of social organization and functioning of public and cultural institutions.

Формиране на речева култура в начална училищна възраст (анализ на анкета с учители)

Author(s): Boryana Borisova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 9/2016

Through analysis of questionnaire with respondents – primary school teachers, there are manifested deficits into the speech behavior of children of primary school age and methodological conclusions are drawn.

Формиране у студентите по „Социална педагогика“ на компетенции за изграждане на мрежи за социалнопедагогическа подкрепа

Author(s): Tsveta Delcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2018

One of the functions of the social worker is to aid the interaction between the client and the client’s social environment. Efficient social work is carried out in collaboration with different social, healthcare, and educational institutions, civic organizations, and communities, local authorities, i.e. in partnerships. Normative and administrative deeds introduce the requirements for the formation of inter-institutional teams, mostly aimed at solving problems in the social sphere. The material presents the results from the implementation of a practical exercise for a research on the different types of social support networks, done under the Basics and methods of social work subject, by Social pedagogy students from the Trakia University of Stara Zagora. It analyzes the skills of future social pedagogues in identifying and developing a supportive environment, based on the institutional resources of the region and the priority fields of social work for the client.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНОЙ МОДЕЛИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО МЕХАНИЗМА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

Author(s): Andrey Surdo,Marina Korsak / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 37/2018

Objective: to develop a structural presentation of the content of the organizational and economic management mechanism. Research methods: abstract-logical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, justification, generalization, evaluation, systemic and complex approaches. The results: typological analysis of definitions «mechanism», «economic mechanism», «organizational mechanism», «economic mechanism», «organizational and economic mechanism» was done. This allowed substantiating the content of the organizational and economic management mechanism, which is determined by: the set of interacting subjects of management and their goals; objects of target impact, realizing management functions; a variety of methods, tools and levers of management. The main principles of formation and improvement of the conceptual model of the organizational and economic management mechanism are defined: purposefulness - the mechanism's correspondence to the goals of functioning and development; systematic - ordering and structured interaction of all elements of the functioning mechanism; the maximum possible realization of the potential; adaptability - rapid response to various changes in the external environment; complexity of coverage of tasks to be solved; coherence of interests of subjects of the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning; Innovation - the orientation of the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning for innovative development. It is established that the general structure of the management mechanism should be disclosed in accordance with the specific features of the specific field of activity, the specific characteristics of the managed system and depends on the material, technical, personnel, financial, information, regulatory, scientific and methodological conditions for the operation of the control facility. As a result of the study, a conceptual model of the organizational and economic management mechanism was developed. Scope of application of the results: the developed structural representation of the content of the organizational and economic management mechanism is a universal scheme and can be applied as a basic model of the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning of the entire national economy, individual regions, and also any industry or enterprise. Conclusions: The organizational and economic management mechanism is a multifaceted, multidimensional system that contains a set of interacting subjects, methods, instruments and processes of influence. The effectiveness of the organizational and economic management mechanism is assessed by performance indicators that allow identifying the problem areas of the current mechanism, the effectiveness of the methods, tools and levers that govern the operation of the management object.

ФОРМУВАННЯ БЮДЖЕТІВ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ У СИСТЕМІ СУСПІЛЬНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД

Author(s): Alexey Chugunov / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 38/2018

The subject of the study is theoretical and practical issues of the formation of budgets of local self-government in the system of social development of territorial communities. The purpose of the study is to reveal the priority tasks for improving the system of formation of budgets of local self-government. Research methods. The paper uses a set of scientific methods and approaches, including systematic, structural, comparative, factor methods, which allowed to realize the conceptual unity of the research. Results of work. The article reveals the role of local self-government budgets in the development of administrative-territorial units. A number of legislative and normative acts on regulation of the process of formation of budgets of local self-government are generalized. The priority tasks of the budget policy concerning support of territorial communities, strengthening of their tax capacity, increase of efficiency of coordination of activity of bodies of state power and local self-government are determined. The article is based on the establishment of an effective institutional framework for the formation of local self-government budgets in the system of social development of territorial communities. The field of application of results. System of state financial regulation, budgetary policy, budget system. Conclusions. The development of the budget system is possible by ensuring the sustainability of the formation of local government budgets in the system of social development of territorial communities, activating their innovation-investment component and strengthening the influence on the socio-economic development of administrative-territorial units. The importance of further enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of the formation of local government budgets is conditioned by the need to increase the efficiency of the management of public financial resources in the conditions of their constraints, the development of a strategy for the development of local government budgets and the creation of institutional conditions for increasing their self-sufficiency, taking into account the cyclical nature of economic fluctuations and the impact of exogenous and endogenous factors in financially -budgetary environment. At this stage, the important task is to implement effective transformations of the system of forming local budgets by supporting voluntary associations of territorial communities, which necessitates the increase of efficiency and efficiency of administrative decisions of executive bodies and local governments in the field of strategic budget planning. It is advisable to improve the system of monitoring the socioeconomic efficiency of local government budget expenditures by using qualitative and quantitative indicators, introducing medium-term budget planning at the local level, adhering to the principle of transparency and accountability of local self-governance bodies to the public. Important tasks are improving the system of formation of local budgets taking into account application of modern financial-budget methods and tools; Creation of effective incentives to ensure the interest of local self-government bodies in the growth of their own income base and increase their level of responsibility for the use of budget resources; ensuring adequate revenues to local government budgets, and increasing the efficiency of the use of budget resources.