ANDRZEJ BONUSIAK, GŁOS NAUCZYCIELA 1986-2015
Review of: ANDRZEJ BONUSIAK, Głos Nauczyciela 1986-2015, Rzeszów: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego 2019, ss. 197, ISBN: 978-83-7996-322-5.
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Review of: ANDRZEJ BONUSIAK, Głos Nauczyciela 1986-2015, Rzeszów: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego 2019, ss. 197, ISBN: 978-83-7996-322-5.
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Jehovah’s Witnesses have been present in Poland for over a hundred years. This period was full of various events affecting both their entire community and its individual members. Beginnings in the interwar period - partly as a legal association, but also as a group facing misunderstanding and attempts to make it illegal. The period of the Nazi occupation - tragic for the entire community and for individual believers who in concentration camps, wearing a purple triangle armband, were victims of this system. Poland of 1945-1989 is a stage that can be divided into several fragments - the legal beginning in 1945-1950, the years of banalization and Stalinist persecution - 1950-1956; illegal activity in the years 1956-1979 and the beginning of the road to legal existence in the 1980s. The last stage is the activity in free Poland - it is the period of legal activity from 1989 to the present day. All these stages in the history of Jehovah’s witnesses influence their perception in today’s reality of the Third Republic.
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Ethics is one of the themes of educational sciences. Its position is in disciplines such as the history of pedagogy, philosophy of education, the theory of education, general pedagogy, didactics, andragogy or adult education, special pedagogy, research methodology of educational sciences, school legislation and other. Ethical norms were influenced by ideology in the Czech and Slovak environment before 1989. Ethics in educational sciences have gradually been revised after 1989. The presented paper focuses on the analysis of scientific texts on research methodology of educational sciences (pedagogy, andragogy or adult education, special pedagogy), dealing with research ethics and published in publishing houses of nation-wide distribution (Grada, Karolinum, Paido, Portal) in 1990-2015. Examined are ethical aspects of both quantitative and qualitative researches with regard to the development of contemporary global as well as local society.
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The analyzes concern the Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX) in the context of the validity and licity of their celebration of the Sacrament of Penance during the years 1970-2015. The study utilizes the dogmatic-legal method and consists of the analyzes of existing legal regulations. The status of the priests of the Society who administered the Sacrament of Penance without the required ad validitatem jurisdiction/faculty is detailed. In consequence, this sacrament was invalid. However, it has to be assumed that this sacrament may have been valid and legitimate in some cases, due to common error or positive and probable doubt, in which case the Church provides the necessary jurisdiction/faculty (CIC/17, can. 209; CIC/83, can. 144). It could also have been valid when the faithful requested this Sacrament for a just cause, as the suspension of these priests was not declared (CIC/17, can. 2261 §2, 2284; CIC/83, can. 1335 §2).
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In the years after Hungary’s regime change, a lively political and public debate emerged about the possibility of justice for the crimes committed during the decades of communist dictatorship. The Justice Act, introduced by governing party MPs, retroactively suspended the statute of limitations for treason and intentional homicide in cases where the regime did not prosecute these crimes for obvious political reasons. This would have provided a constitutional opportunity to bring to justice those responsible for the atrocities of the 1950s and the reprisals that followed the 1956 revolution. The law adopted by Parliament was annulled by the Constitutional Court on grounds of continuity and legal certainty. In its view, the retroactive suspension of the statute of limitations is incompatible with the rule of law and justice must therefore be pursued by a completely different route.
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The paper considers the attitude of the Slovenian society towards transitional justice. It notes that, in the years following the achievement of independence and the transition from a nondemocratic to a democratic system, the Slovenian society and state have not been able to fully adopt and implement all the necessary measures to redress the injustices suffered and punish the perpetrators. Progress has been made in this respect, especially regarding the issue of redressing injustices, and the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia has also played a positive role, especially in its first mandate. By contrast, there has been no breakthrough in retributive justice, as no one has been judicially held accountable for human rights violations under the undemocratic regime. The consequences are felt by the Slovenian society and people in their everyday lives, both in the public institutions and private sector.
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Slovenia is one of those former communist countries that have been the most successful in terms of implementing systemic transformation. However, it is steadily losing the advantage it had over other countries from the region. The main reason for its relative stagnation is in its etatistic setting which is characterized by monopolies in various fields. In turn, these are associated with high rates of elite reproduction, i.e. the preservation of representatives of the former regime or their physical or ideological successors in leading positions in key social subsystems. Such a situation hinders competition, restricts pluralism and inhibits the growth of creative potential in society.
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Based on the available archival sources and newspaper writings, this paper provides the reader with a chronological overview of the efforts made by the National museum of Zrenjanin ever since1960’s to establish, nurture and further broaden connections with museums and other cultural institutions in Romania. Even though these efforts were rather modest in their beginnings – being dependent on constant lack of funds and often resulting in nothing more than a simple exchange of letters about good intentions – they slowly but steadily came to life. Favourable factor in this process was the use of common geographical background of Banat as a starting point in cooperation for both National museum of Zrenjanin and its Romanian counterparts. In course of the last three decades, starting from mid-1990's, National museum of Zrenjanin hosted about a dozen of cultural events such as exhibitions and conferences, dealing with Romanian themes or including Romanian participants.
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Review of: Vadim Radaev and Zoya Kotelnikova, eds. The Ambivalence of Power in the Twenty-First Century Economy: Cases from Russia and Beyond. London: UCL Press, 2022. 367 pp. ISBN 9781800082700
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The authors covers the work of the XXXII International Scientific Conference “Intelligentsia and Intellectuals of the XXI century in the context of the challenges of the surrounding world”, which was held in Ivanovo from September 22 to 23, 2022. The article highlights the most informative reports and speeches of the participants of the forum of intellectuals. The strategies of the behavior of the intelligentsia and intellectuals in various periods of Russian and world history are analyzed. Some significant aspects of the participation of intelligentsia and intellectuals in the sociopolitical transformations of the modern world are revealed.
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The article comments on main trends in Polish historiography of the last 30 or so years. The author verifies predictions concerning said trends that had been made in the first years of the new millennium, to conclude that they proved too optimistic in some respects. Problems such as political instrumentalization of history loom large over Polish historiography and may distort its future development. Furthermore, the simplistic understanding of parametrization manifested by the last (2022) evaluation of academic institutions, further reduces freedom of research while it does nothing to eliminate political pressures on historians. In essence, the policy of science pursued by the Polish state does very little to support original research.
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The article analyzes the activities of the literary association, developed around the publishing project “Dialogue”. The main focus of the study is on the analysing of the influence exerted by the almanac on the development of relations between Russia and Israel in the field of culture. Informal creative associations are less likely, compared to state institutions, to become the object of research in the study of the history of the development of bilateral relations between states. However, the analysis of this level of interstate interaction allows us to present a picture of the relationship in a more voluminous and holistic form. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, causality and objectivity. In the work, the literary association “Dialogue” is considered in its historical development without being separated from the specific historical conditions of its existence. Some aspects considered in the work necessitated the use of a comparative method of analysis. Some aspects considered in the work necessitated the use of a comparative method of analysis. The conducted research allows us to draw the following conclusions. Almanac of Jewish culture “Dialogue” can be considered a unique phenomenon in the framework of Russian-Israeli relations in the field of culture. During the period of its activity, the publishing project “Dialogue” managed to build a continuous and intensive cultural exchange between the writers of Russia and Israel. In many ways, this was achieved due to the entrepreneurial spirit of the founders of the almanac, their professional connections and cooperation with Jewish community organizations. During the study, a direct relationship between the cultural and social activity of the almanac and the intensity of interstate Russian-Israeli cooperation was identified.
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The aim of this paper is to present the comparison of the efficiency of passengers rail transport in Polish regions and to investigate its change. In the end, I present the correlation between the difference of efficiency index between 2004 and 2017 and the railway investments value which has been involved in modernization railway transport from 2004 until 2014. The research has covered 14 Polish regions. The results confirmed that the regions joining the EU with ineffective passenger rail transport have made the investments that contributed to the increase of the efficiency index for the last 14 years later and that the change of the level of passenger rail transport efficiency index is strongly correlated with the level of value of rail infrastructure investments made from 2004 until 2014.
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Review of: Khurbn-Forshung.Documents on Early Holocaust Research in Postwar Poland. Hrsg. von Laura Jockusch. Mit einemVorwort von Dan Diner. (Archiv jüdischer Geschich-te und Kultur, Bd. 6.) Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Göttingen 2021. 853 S., Ill., Kt. ISBN 978-3-525-36856-5
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Review of: Piotr Wciślik: Dissident Legacies of Samizdat Social Media Activism. Unlicensed Print Culture in Poland 1976-1990. Routledge. London - New York 2021. XI, 245 S. ISBN 978-0-367-75669-7
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The aim of this study is to analyze and examine the articles on leadership in Turkey with the bibliometric method. For this purpose, 894 articles published between 1983 and 2021, obtained by using the Web of Science (WoS) database, were analyzed with the VOSviewer software. As a result of the research, it is noteworthy that the articles on leadership, which have spread to many disciplines in Turkey, are mostly carried out in the field of "education". Besides, it is seen that leadership studies have increased numerically since 2004 and a knowledge explosion has been experienced by 2020. On the other hand, it has been determined that the most studied leadership type is "transformational leadership". Based on these results, it was suggested to the researchers that they could focus on different dimensions of leadership by using the bibliometric method and do a similar study periodically. Furthermore, It is expected that the research will guide researchers working on leadership, especially regarding author collaboration, topic and journal selection.
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This article discusses Mungiu’s role within the new Romanian wave, as well as his preoccupation with the Romanian society’s ideological and ethical values. While a large Romanian public still watches socialist era movies for entertainment and because of identifying with an idealized national imagery, Mungius’ films propose an analysis of present-day practices and beliefs, reflecting on the possible heritage a young, democratic society leaves to future generations. Critical of the past, like all new Romanian wave directors, Mungiu scrutinizes the present, closely analyzes actions and expressions of belief, and carefully contextualizes situations to give the viewers a realistic cinematic experience. Reflecting on the past and/or present, his cinema is the mirror of an encounter with a people’s deep subconscious and the nation’s dilemma of the return of the repressed.
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Review of: Alfrun Kliems, Underground Modernity: Urban Poetics in East-Central Europe, Pre- and Post-1989. Transl. Jace Schneider. CEU Press, Budapest 2021, 340 pp.
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