Kompozicija Čudo u Latomosu kao predmet istoriografskih analiza: od apside Hosios Davida do Poganovske ikone

Author(s): Ljubica Vinulović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2015

The main preoccupation of this text is iconographical analysis of depictions of the Miracle of Latomos. Firstly, we discussed historical background of the Miracle. At the end of the third century AD, a miraculous thing happened in Thessaloniki. Mosaic depiction of Virgin Mary transformed into Christ’s face, and that is what we today call the Miracle of Latomos. This mosaic is today connected with Hosios David church in Thessaloniki. This composition influenced various depictions of the Miracle of Latomos. The scene was painted on the walls of the Bone house in monastery of Bachkovo (Bulgaria) in the eleventh century. Unfortunately, it is very damaged, and only the figure of the prophet Ezekiel is preserved. At the end of the fourteenth century, the most detailed composition of the Miracle of Latomos was painted on the Icon of Poganovo. Classical iconography was taken from Hosios David, but in the Icon of Poganovo, the scene was enriched with a depiction of a lake with seven fish. The Icon from Poganovo has two sides and it is important to discuss its other side too. In the averse side we can see Virgin Kataphyge meaning safehouse. The donor of this icon was Helene of Serres (Jelena Mrnjavčević), who had tragic life, so she needed a kataphyge. Based on all the information given, we can conclude that all three depictions of the Miracle of Latomos represent soteriological ideas. Due to complexity of its symbolic meaning, the composition was painted very rarely, confirming the fact that people who ordered the Miracle to be painted, Jelena Mrnjavčević and a responsible person from Bachkovo, were among the best educated people of their times.

ЛЕВ СКОП: ІКОНОПИСЕЦЬ, РЕСТАВРАТОР ТА ГРОМАДСЬКИЙ ДІЯЧ

Author(s): Iryna Dundyak / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2016

The purpose of the work. The study of individual personalities is important for a thorough analysis of the problems of continuity, rebirth and transformation in modern religious art of Ukraine. The purpose of this study is to determine the value of creativity of Lev Scop. He is a many-sided personality – an artist, painter, art restorer, teacher, musician, poet and public figure). Methodology. The author uses biographical and art analysis methods on the principles of comprehensiveness and consistency. This approach allows to cover objectively creative career and peculiarities of the Lev Scop’s works. Scientific novelty. Today, as art is striving toward modern expression, such genres as iconography are often neglected. This article highlights the creative method of an iconographer Lev Scop, analyzes his main works of religious art and his teaching activity at the Department of sacral art of Lviv Academy of Arts. There is the analysis of his art critic works in the field of Ukrainian church monumental painting and iconography. The creativity of Lev Scop is fruitful and sincere, based on deep knowledge of the processes of Ukrainian religious art. In his icons he boldly uses methods and elements of Ukrainian Baroque religious art, introduces modern elements into the iconography of paintings and icons and many other things. The educational activity of Lev Scop at the department of sacred art of Lviv Academy of Arts is also fruitful and multifaceted. He has fulfilled an order together with his students (Church of the HolyMother of Perpetual Help on Pogoulyanka, Lviv). The artist took an active part in the Revolution of dignity. Conclusions. These icon-painting of Lev Skop is close to ancient mural traditions and preserves many traits of Baroque religious art. In his art, he successfully combines modernity with traditions, creating a style which appeals to many people.

ПСАЛТИРНІ ПІСНІ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ДУХОВНО-ПІСЕННІЙ ТРАДИЦІЇ XVII – початку XХІ століття

Author(s): Olga Leonidivna Zosim / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2016

The Ukrainian Psalter songs of the XVIIth – the beginning of the XXIst century are characterized, the place of Psalter verse paraphrase in the Ukrainian sacred song tradition, which is presented of various Christian denominations, is determined. The differences between Ukrainian and Russian tradition of psalm poetic paraphrase for singing are marked, the parallels between liturgical and paraliturgical choir creativity and sacred songs, written in Psalter verse para-phrase, are held.

РЕВОЛЮЦІЯ ГІДНОСТІ В ПРОСТОРІ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИХ ЦІННОСТЕЙ

Author(s): Olena Domanska / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2015

In the article category "dignity" is examined in connection with the changes of social situation in Ukraine and in space of European development. The social and cultural differences of the European and Ukrainian way of becoming of this valued phenomenon are investigated.

Prezentari bibliografice

Author(s): Stelian Gomboş,Vasile Muntean,Cosmin Panțuru,Constantin Cilibia,Marius Florescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 01-03/2017

„Оправослављење“ идентитета српске омладине

Author(s): Miroslava Malešević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2005

У раду се разматрају неке од последица повратка цркве у јавну сферу: њеног растућег ауторитета, улоге у обликовању националног идентитета и утицаја на свеукупна друштвена и политичка збивања у данашњој Србији. У вези са тим указује се на ефекте које широка друштвена промоција религије/православља, посебно увођење веронауке у државне школе, има на формирање свести и опредељења нових генерација младих.

Dan državnosti (ili) Sretenje: ideologija vs. hronologija

Author(s): Srđan Milošević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2012

The paper deals with the ideological and chronological issues concerning Statehood day, which is celebrated on the 15th and 16th of February in Serbia. The focus will be on the connection which is being established between the state holiday of Statehood day and Candlemas Day which is a church holiday. The paper will further deal with the problems with dating the two key events – the start of the First Serbian Uprising in 1804 and the adoption of the first Serbian Constitution in 1835 – which, according to the Serbian law on national and other holidays, form the basis for the celebrating of Statehood day. The paper will prove that it wasn’t necessary for the legislators to insist on establishing a connection between the aforementioned events and the date of the church holiday neither in the 19th nor in the 21st century. The author will also point out the significant errors in chronology: it is falsely claimed that the anniversaries of both these events coincide with Candlemas Day (in 1804 and 1835, respectively), and that it is hence unwarranted to claim that they coincide with Candlemas Day in the 21st century. It will be shown that the reason for these errors lies in the incorrect calculation and translation of dates from the Julian into the Gregorian calendar, as well as that the contemporary insistence on the connection between Statehood day and Candlemas Day is ideologically conditioned and that it is a consequence of the desecularization of Serbian society.

СРПСКЕ ОСНОВНЕ ПРАВОСЛАВНЕ ВЕРОИСПОВЕДНЕ ШКОЛЕ У РУМУНИЈИ (1919–1948)

Author(s): Slađana Anđelković,Zorica Stanisavljević Petrović,Stevan Bugarski / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 138/2012

This paper shows the importance of Serbian Orthodox confessional primary schools to maintain continuity in the process of upbringing and education of the Serbs in Romania, as well as their outstanding role in preserving traditions, national and cultural identintety. The central questions of work related to the operation and organization of the Serbian Orthodox confessional elementary schools, primarily with the pedagogical aspect, in terms of their curricula, textbooks, teaching organizations, as well as control of work and school financing. Serbian Orthodox confessional school during the entire period of its existence, accompanied by numerous problems and difficulties. The establishment and development of school followed by poor material conditions for educational work, a lack of qualified personnel, war (no) opportunities and poverty of the majority Serbian population, which is in a complex constellation of post-war socio-political circumstances, led to the abolition of these schools. Although they worked in very difficult conditions, as the only schools where the teaching is performed in the native language, they have drawn a significant mark on the part of achieving continuity in education, preservation of culture and tradition of the Serbian population in Romania.

Сакрална географија православљa и религиозни туризам

Author(s): Mirko Grčić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 3/2010

Introductory part of the paper briefly presents the case study of sacred geography. This scientific discipline, as a branch of cultural geography, deserves more attention due to the development of cultural tourism and the protection of cultural heritage in globalization. Aim is to systematize and display characteristics of sacred objects and places of pilgrimage in the traditional orthodox Christianity. The author hopes that this work will attract the attention of geographers and intellectual circles, and stimulate researchers to devote greater attention to this important and current issue.

Соціокультурні погляди академіка В.П.Філатова у світлі невідомих документів радянських спецслужб (до 140-ї річниці з дня народження вченого)

Author(s): Dmitriy Vedeneev,Vyacheslav Vedeneev / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2015

On the basis of known operational broad scientific public documents of the Soviet state security highlights the socio-cultural world views and features prominent ophthalmologist scientist and public figure, academician VP Filatov. Based on the evidence of the scientist studied the place of the Orthodox faith in the system of professional, cultural and ethical beliefs and activities organizer renowned surgeon and medical science in Ukraine. Vladimir Filatov (10/27/1875 p. – 10.30.1956 g.) Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences and the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian entered the history of medicine as prominent ophthalmologist, physicians, surgeon, researcher and innovator, educator and founder of solid scientific eye school, aut over 460 scientific papers. He was born in province of Penza, and linked life and productive activities of medical Ukraine, in 1903 until his death working in Odessa. Tireless work of the world-renowned scientist was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor, State (Stalin)Prize in the field of science and technology, a number of awards, including the Order of the Patriotic War, combat and degree for labor in emergency hospital during the confrontation with Nazi aggression, large gold Mechnikov medal. It was founded in 1946 "ophthalmologic journal". He was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of 4 convocations (since 1938). Now the name of the scientist is Research Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy named after Filatov Sciences of Ukraine, which he created and led the stretch in 1936. Against the background of significant scientific works on research activities and major milestones biography V.P.Filatova remains virtually unexplored range of social and cultural values and philosophical views of the scientist. Meanwhile, we found recently in the archives of the secret intelligence materials serve as a productive source for playback comprehensive intellectual biography of academician Filatov, contain a lot of information about the spiritual, cultural, moral, intellectual world prominent scientist. In addition to Soviet reality nonconformist views on problems of political life, the scientist played the original carrier of the socio-cultural attitudes, looking busy solving complex cultural and ethical issues related to the ratio of the spiritual world, personal manners and proper professional and social activities. However, only now the attention of researchers are beginning to attract sociocultural view this extraordinary figure who harmoniously combined selfless service to rescue people with active social work, participation in the life of the Orthodox Church, classes in painting and the formation of scientific schools, the participants of which instilled and "Filatov" coordinates cultural and ethical world view. Archives Soviet intelligence suggest large undercover surveillance by relentless V.P.Filatovym academician, his professional and personal environment, which was due as clearly anti-communist convictions and religious scholar, and its weight in the scientific and public life, aspirations to foreign intelligence research TECHNOLOGICAL development scientist. These documents are interrogation V.Filatova, serve as productive (although biased, specific) source study his biography and activities established the Research Center of Ophthalmology. Despite ideological differences, outstanding ophthalmologist created the right conditions and protection from arbitrary repressive system, with simultaneous half insulation of international scientific cooperation. An outstanding scientist and physician, being a deeply religious, traditionalist conservative-minded in ideological and spiritually, abhorrence took violent rise to power of the Bolsheviks, a bloody civil war and foreign intervention. He is a lifetime concealed his religious beliefs, anticommunist views and sharply critical attitude to socio-political actions of the Soviet government, Stalin's repressions, especially painfully perceived shameful policy of destroying Orthodox Church, militant atheism and brutal destruction of churches, the oppression of freedom of speech and scientific creativity, restrictions scientific ties with foreign colleagues. V.Filatov was a true patriot of his homeland, because for him even incompatible ideological views of official and personal harassment by the authorities have not caused the exile (which he repeatedly offered to interested foreign medical and other institutions). The documents state security recognized that in 1919, in the midst of the Civil War, V. Filatov said those who urged him to evacuate abroad that social revolution was necessary to overthrow the tsarist regime, and he prefers to work at home for the benefit of the people and very indignant those intellectuals fleeing into exile.

Історична ретроспектива рецепції сакрального у європейській культурі

Author(s): Natalya Liva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 27/2015

Central place in the article occupies the evolution of the interaction of the European people with the sphere of sacral on the different studies of social and historical progress. This interaction has been researched in the context of the dialectical opposition of faith and knowledge as basic forms of mental existention. Main attention is paid on the necessity of salvation of the conflict which has reached its culmination in the 20th century. The fundamental mission of culture – activities aimed at maintaining (culturing!) Humanistic values. It is designated function today acquires outstanding importance due to the pressing need to find ways to overcome the problems of European society corner of XX-XXI centuries – cultural crisis, largely caused by the crisis of spirituality.

Біблійні тексти як джерело східнослов’янської духовної пісенності

Author(s): Olga Leonidivna Zosim / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2017

The purpose of the research. The study highlights the influence of biblical texts on the development of the East Slavonic sacred song of the end of the 17th - the early 21st century. Research methodology consists in a combination of historical, cultural, textual and analytical methods that allowed to find out specifics of perception of biblical and evangelical texts of the East Slavonic sacred song tradition of the end of the 17th - the early 21st century. Scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in Ukrainian science the influence of the texts of Holy Scripture on the development of the East Slavonic sacred song tradition from Baroque to contemporary was highlighted. Conclusions. Biblical song became popular in the end of the 17th century as a kind of Psalter songs and songs in hymnographycal texts. In Moscow state Biblical songs (New Jerusalem songwriters, Simeon Polotsky) were cultivated, at the Ukrainian-Belarusian lands they were unknown. Biblical poetic paraphrases in East Slavonic sacred song repertoire are presented by poetic paraphrases of Song of Songs of Solomon and the cycle of ten biblical songs; last work appeals to Eastern Christian hymnographycal genre of canon and therefore is unique in Western Europe.

Sąd cerkiewny nad Stefanem Zyzanią w kontekście stosunków wiernych i hierarchii prawosławnej w Rzeczypospolitej u schyłku XVI wieku

Author(s): Natallia Harkovich / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2017

The article is dedicated to the canonical low question in the conflict between Stefan Zizanij and spiritual authorities of the Orthodox Church which took place at Vilna (Vilnius) before the local synod at Brest (1596, admitted church union with Roman Catholics). Having based on and analysis of archive documents the author comes to conclusion that the church activity of Ztefan Zizanij was based on canonical low of Orthodox Church (of Kievan Metropoly).

Kulturowe i duchowe dziedzictwo narodów bałkańskich w kontekście dokumentów UNESCO ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem serbskiej slavy

Author(s): Magdalena Ickiewicz-Sawicka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2017

The article titled „Cultural and spiritual heritage of the peoples of the Balkans in the context of UNESCO documents on the example of Serbia” consists of three main parts. The first one contains a description of the cultural heritage of humanity in the light of the international instruments and presents selected theoretical concepts concerning the discussed topics. The second part refers to the cultural heritage of selected Balkan nations, the next part of the Serbian Slava presented as an example of intangible heritage of humanity nations of southern Slavs. The text contains an introduction and conclusions.

Szesnastowieczne pobizantyńskie freski z Supraśla w świetle dokumentacji konserwatorskiej – historia zniszczeń

Author(s): Krystyna Stawecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2017

The article is dedicated to the history of the unique 16th-century Byzantine frescoes in Suprasl. Here we find an attempt of determining an exact date of accomplishment of the interior wall ornamentation (as well as establishing its authorship) in the Orthodox Church of the Annunciation of the Mother of God in Suprasl. The main part of the text contains a description of the successive stages of polychromy degradation that started with the damages caused by new elements of the interior decoration added in the seventeenth century (iconostasis, side altars) and was continued in the 18th century when the large parts of the frescoes were panelled. Later on the profound alteration of the architectural and painting of the presbytery was made. It ended with almost complete destruction of the frescoes during the World War II. The part of the text also mentions the restorative treatments conducted on this monument since the end of the 19th century. Here we can also find the study of preserving the extant fragments of the paintings during the post-war times. The analysis of the conservatory measures and their documentation taken between 1964–1965 (66) as well as in 2012 and 2014 closes the article.

Związki kulturowe monasteru supraskiego z kulturą serbską w XVI wieku

Author(s): Antoni Mironowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2017

In the 16-th century the monastery of Suprasl was the second monastic center of the Orthodox Church in the Great Duchy of Lithuania after the Kiev-Caves Monastery. In the history of the Byelorussian culture the monastery in Suprasl occupies unique place. The best achievements of many branches of culture have been concentrated in it. They mirror close contacts with the religious and cultural heritage of other Slavonic nations. The monastery became a place of the reciprocal permeating of various religious trends. Also, here, many national cultures influenced each other. An example of this reciprocal permeating of cultures was the architecture and interior decorations of the Annunciation monastery church. The uniqueness of the architecture of this building consists in the mixing of the Gothic and Byzantine styles. The direct connections of Suprasl with Byzantine and Serbian culture may be proved by the monumental frescos in the Annunciation Church. They were painted by a group of painters under the supervision of Nektorius the Serb (Serb Nekhtarioosh). These frescos were a testimony to dogmatic Orthodoxy. The monastery of Suprasl was visited by many outstanding writers, religious leaders and political notables. This monastery was also visited by the Patriarch of Constantinople – Jeremiash II, the Serbian and Bulgarian patriarch - Gabriel, and many other Church dignitaries from Balkans. In the 16-th century, the monastery of Suprasl became a major ecclesiastical center of all the Slavic nations. The monastery while being the major center of Orthodox theological thought, still remained open for new trends in philosophical thought. During the 16-th century the monastery of Suprasl was in close relationship with Bulgaria, Serbia, The Great Duchy of Moscow and Holy Athos Mount. This found its reflection in sacral art, publishing and literature.

O liczbie cyrylickich starych druków tetraewangelii ze Lwowa

Author(s): Jerzy Ostapczuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2017

The article is devoted to the Cyrillic early printed tetragospels from Lvov. Its main goal was to establish the number of editions containing the Gospel text only (without other books of the Holy Scripture). Information included in catalogues and scientific publications suggested that before the year 1800 Cyrillic tetragospels were printed about 120 times and eleven times in Lvov. Verification of information allowed to reduce the number of liturgical Gospels from Lvov to eight: seven editions from the Printing House of the Dormition Stauropegion Brotherhood and one from the Printing House of Michael Slozka.

PREZENTĂRI BIBLIOGRAFICE

Author(s): Zaharia Peres,Viorel Râncu,Ioan Moldoveanu,Constantin Cilibia,Adrian Carebia / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 10-12/2017

Visionaries and the national idea in interwar Bulgaria: The circle of the Orthodox Association The Good Samaritan

Author(s): Galia Valtchinova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2009

A loser of the First World War, interwar Bulgaria is characterized by developments in its spiritual and religious life that reflect the idea, and the feeling, of a “national catastrophe”. One of the expressions of this general mood is the multiplication of religious organizations run by lay people in which religious activism is infused with ideas of national grandeur. Born in the early 1920s, The Good Samaritan was an ultra-Orthodox organization founded by former military officers with the help of an Orthodox priest. Within a few years it entered in conflict with the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, which treated it as a sect. It was, however, successful in rallying citizens and peasants alike under millenarian slogans. The association relied on visionaries and popular prophets to promote its ideas of Bulgaria as a New Israel. The paper focuses on two of the most outspoken prophets acting on behalf of The Good Samaritan, both women. By examining their visionary techniques and pronouncements, the aim is to show how national ideology and political climate influence the “work” of visionaries and give them credence.

Fasting in the Life of Russians 19th-20th Centuries

Author(s): Tatjana Voronina / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2006

In the 19th century the traditional diet of the Russians was a wholesome and stable complex of nutrition which included fast days set apart for partial or complete abstinence from food during a calendar year. Fast days were set by the regulations of the Orthodox Church and were linked with the major Christian feasts, church events and remembrance days of the Saints. In practice all days of the year were divided into the days of abstinence from meat and dairy products when vegetable food only was allowed (govenije – “fasting”), and the days when their use was not restricted (mjasoed – “time when it is allowed to eat meat”). To give a clear idea of the place fasting occupied in the life of the people it is enough to say that more than 200 out of the 365 calendar days, i.e., the greater part of the year, were set apart as fasting periods of one or many days. The food taken on fast days had both some general and locally specific features. The urban diet differed from the rural; festive food had its specifics compared to the daily diet; the nutrition of wealthy peasants was more diverse than that of the poor. The importance of fast days lay not only in their restricting the diet to certain sets of food products, they served also to consolidate the norms of morality, to foster positive qualities and the like. Fasting habits and customs were passed down from one generation to the next, and thus carried a great educational content. It is important to compare the practice of fasting in the 20th century during the atheistic propaganda and after 1988, the year of the millennium of Christianity in Russia. Thus the fasts can reveal the characteristics of the religious mood of Russian society in the past and the present. Thanks to a considerable mass of archival and field materials, as well as published sources, it is possible to demonstrate the great role of fast days in the life of the Russian people.