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Coffee and cacao have been used since ancient times. Scientists suppose that coffee originated from Ethiopia. Genus Coffea has almost 103 species, from which only 3 species are most frequently used in the preparation of coffee Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner or Coffea robusta L. Linden, Coffea liberica Hiern, and Coffea arabica L. The most known bioactive compound from coffee is caffeine. The cacao tree (Theobroma cacao L.) is originated from Central and South America. Genus Theobroma contains 22 species, from which only 1 species presents interest in the production of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). The most known bioactive compound from cacao is theobromine. These plants have medicinal properties (antibacterial, antiviral, against neurodegenerative diseases) and contraindication (children under 3 years, lactation, allergies). Seeds of these plants are used to produce coffee and cacao. The waste is used in animal feeding, pharmacology, food industry as flavouring agents. These plants also present a big interest for biotechnology, because scientists try to obtain species that will be more resistant to climatic changes, diseases, and will become more productive. In conclusion, coffee and cacao have become a part of our lives. Many people depend on the cacao and coffee industry, also due to the complex chemical composition and medicinal proprieties, the species referred to above can be used in the development of new drugs
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Nebudu reagovat na všechny výtky – argumenty uvedené v recenzi a argumenty z odpovědi si čtenář může srovnat a posoudit sám. Osobně bych i po přečtení rozsáhlé odpovědi na formulaci recenze změnil pouze jedno slovo1 a nechci čtenáře obtěžovat opakováním stejných argumentů. Pokud si autor zve na podporu svého špatného užití češtiny taková stvoření jako „duch českého jazyka“, je odborná diskuse jen stěží možná. Právě tak se jen obtížně diskutuje, pokud autor mé recenzi vytýká blíže nespecifi kovaný „aktivistický přístup“ a sám převádí polemiku do nezastřeně politické a osobní roviny. Nicméně nemá smysl přít se tam, kde máme s autorem odpovědi odlišné politické názory, a už vůbec ne o osobních charakteristikách. Odpovím na čtyři pasáže, kde se domnívám, že autor nabízí další podstatné argumenty nebo komentáře, které rozvíjejí další debatu. Jsou jimi: (1) otázka smyslu navázání na teorii a zahraniční výzkum versus pěstování oboru v českém jazykovém prostředí; (2) otázka, kdo dnes patří na krajní pravici a na základě jakých kritérií to zdůvodnit; (3) otázka sociologického rozumění stoupencům krajní pravice včetně genderové perspektivy; a konečně (4) otázka současného stavu českého politologie jako oboru a příčin jeho problémů. V poznámkách pod čarou zároveň odpovím na nejpodstatnější významové posuny a imputace přítomné v odpovědi a zareaguji na místa, kde autor zavádějícím způsobem vytváří dojem, že se odkazuje k nějaké normě.
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Napomena: U "Almanahu" br. 83-84, str. 153-157 smo objavili tekst prof. dr Senadina Lavića, Društveno-povijesni aspekti političkog bosanstva. Pošto se tim povodom, nakon reagovanja akademika Ferida Muhića, razvila veoma zanimljiva polemika o važnim pitanjima bošnjačkog identiteta, to je urednik, uz saglasnost oba autora, odlučio da prenese dio ove polemike u časopis. Propust koji smo napravili time što ova napomena nije išla uz tekst S. Lavića u najavi polemike, vjerujemo neće uticati na to da suština polemike ostane očuvana. Tim prije, što 2022. godine slijedi popis stanovništva i što cijenimo posebno važnim da se o nekim pitanjima povede kompetentna intelektualna rasprava. To nam je bio motiv da neke od navedenih tekstova ponovo objavimo, kako bi se sačuvala cjelina.
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27 lutego odbył się zaległy finał III Międzynarodowej Olimpiady Geopolitycznej. Miał on miejsce w Chełmie w obiektach Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej, a dokładnie w podchełmskich Depułtyczach Nowych, gdzie znajduje się Akademickie Centrum Współpracy Transgranicznej PWSZ.
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On April 19-20, 2021, an international scientific conference was held in Wrocław to celebrate the 65th anniversary of the establishment of an academic centre for the education of librarians at the University of Wrocław at the higher level, whose estimable traditions are continued today by the Institute of Library and Information Science. The report on this event contains the characteristics of the event. Individual conference speeches were discussed, juxtaposing them in thematic blocks in terms of contents: readership; editing; sources of information about a book; libraries; bibliology; publishing traffic. Attention was paid to the basic hypotheses and research theses contained in the papers. In the discussion of foreign papers, the polonica present in them were emphasized. The efficiency of the organizer was highlighted, who, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, was forced to conduct the conference remotely. He took full advantage of all the possibilities offered by this formula, especially of the chat, thanks to which it was possible to comment on the presented papers, ask questions to the speakers and exchange views between the participants. It is also worth noting that the conference was accompanied by an international exhibition of ex libris under the slogan: “Institute of Library and Information Science of the University of Wrocław.”
More...Od 28. studenoga 2020. do 19. lipnja 2021.
Izborna skupština DHK HB zakazana za 28. studenoga 2020. nije održana zbog strogih epidemioloških mjera nadležnih služba, a nakon Odluke proširene sjednice Upravnoga odbora Društva. Sjednica je bila zakazana unatoč već poznatim mjerama zbog jednostavnoga razloga što je postojala dvojba u vezi sa strogim restriktivnim mjerama Ministarstva pravde F BiH, koje su se provodile posljednjih godina ukoliko se ne bi striktno poštovale odredbe statuta društava te su u tim slučajevima udruge (kao što je naše Društvo) brisane iz evidencije Ministarstva (gdje je i DHK HB registrirano). Budući da je odgovor Ministarstva bio neodređen, morali smo Skupštinu zakazati i prema mogućnostima održati, no na Proširenoj sjednici smo odlučili kako je već navedeno. Nakon mjesec dana smo dobili usmena uvjeravanja da nas ne će brisati iz Registra. I prema dosadašnjim informacijama nismo brisani. Nisu bile, u vezi s tim, utemeljene, a još manje opravdane primjedbe koje su se širile društvenim mrežama da u rukovodstvu Društva netko „nešto muti“ i tomu slično.
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The year 1981 represented for the history of the Romanian aeronautics a special event through its significance, having, at the same time, deep reverberations in internal and international plan. May 14, 2021 marks the 40th anniversary of the first cosmic flight by a Romanian citizen. After successfully performing the cosmic flight, according to the established protocol, Dumitru Dorin PRUNARIU was decorated with the highest state decoration.
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PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS - 9th IASA World Congress Alcalá de Henares, July 8–10 2019
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MATERIALIZING MODERNITY – SOCIALIST AND POST-SOCIALIST LEGACY IN CONTEMPORARY ALBANIA1 POLITIKAT E GJUHËS DHE VARIACIONI GJUHËSOR NË SHQIPËRINË PAS-SOCIALISTE DHE KOSOVËN E PAVARUR
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