O wartości muzyki popularnej
Review: Simon Frith, Sceniczne rytuały. O wartości muzyki popularnej, przeł. Marek Król, seria Cultura, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków 2011, ss. 390.
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Review: Simon Frith, Sceniczne rytuały. O wartości muzyki popularnej, przeł. Marek Król, seria Cultura, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków 2011, ss. 390.
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Review: Understanding Multiculturalism. The Habsburg Central European Experience, ed. Johannes Feichtinger, Gary B. Cohen, Berghahn, Oxford–New York, 2014 (Austrian and Habsburg Studies 17), pp. 246 While recently the concept of multiculturalism has been an object of strong criticism from the political side, the book under review takes another turn scrutinizing and historicizing it. Looking at Central Europe through the lenses of nonessentialism, postcolonialism or national indifference, multiple authors propose not only new ways of reading the history of the region, but also of establishing categories for the future research in historical cultural studies.
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Review: The Invention of Race. Scientific and Popular Representation, N. Bancel, T. David, D. Thomas (ed.), Routlege: New York-Abington, 2014, ss. 320. The book under review is a collection of articles presenting the functioning of the idea of the human race in the scientific, social and cultural backgrounds. The main purpose is to demonstrate how the concept of race have circulated from the late 18th century in scholarship as well as in popular reception. Thus the authors focus their attention on the so-called ethnological expositions (such as Negro or Eskimo Villages) organized on the occasion of world‘s fairs, today known as “human zoo.” On the social level, this helped support the conviction of the supremacy of the white race.
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During the night of June 27th 2013, Iryna Krashkova, a grocery store seller in the small town of Vradiyivka in the Mykolayiv region of Ukraine, was picked up or, rather, hijacked by two police officers and their friend, a taxi-driver. They brought her to the forest, severely beat, raped and left her with a torn lip, a fractured skull and many other injuries. Against all odds, she survived.
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In Belarus, with a population of 9.5 million, less than a quarter speaks Belarusian. Year after year, this figure decreases. Paradoxically, Russification, which began under the Russian tsars and continued by the communists, reached its peak in independent Belarus. If this continues, in a few decades the Belarusian language will cease to exist.
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Is the model of Belarusian identity, as promoted by the revivalists of the early 1990s, defined by language and the rejection of the Soviet and Russian heritage still relevant today? Many activists, mostly from the younger generation, openly redefine this model’s priorities when thinking about Belarusian self-consciousness in the current political, social and cultural reality.
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In Belarus, there is an economic crisis; there is social discontent; there are trade unions, but there are no worker protests. Why haven’t the trade unions become the main agent of change and social resistance in Belarus?
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Change in Belarus will only become possible with the full participation of the civil society in national decision-making. But getting to this point is not an easy task. It requires civil society organisations to consolidate and become a respectable counterpart to the national authorities and external actors.
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The success of civil society organisations in Belarus depends upon many factors. One significant factor is the role of the local authorities in accepting an organisation and its projects. But interaction is possible and can lead to some positive examples of cooperation.
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The reviewed book of Janusz Łosowski attempts to investigate the importance of written documentation in the life of peasants in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th–18th centuries, especially in the lands of the Polish Crown, basing mostly on the sources concerning Lesser Poland (Małopolska). The study of Łosowski has been based upon extensive and thorough archive query, including very interesting groups of sources (some of them excerpted in the annexes). It attempts to deepen the knowledge of early modern legal culture and mentality of peasant societies.
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„Coram iudicio”. Studies of Legal Culture in Towns in Late Medieval Poland, edited by Agnieszka Bartoszewicz is composed of four texts, the subject of which is the legal culture in Late Medieval Cracow, Lublin, and Warsaw. In his article entitled Ipsa civitas habundat furibus: Criminals and criminality in Late Medieval Cracow Maciej t. Radomski first presents the organizational structure of judicature in Cracow, then follows with a description of various criminals as individuals, (e.g. thieves, pickpockets, robbers, forgers, and rapists), reviewing their social backgrounds as well as their modus operandi. Krzysztof Mrozowski in his article Suburbanites of Old Warsaw in the latter Middle Ages (1500–1526) offers an insight into the structure of Warsaw’s suburbs. He characterizes the architecture of the places as well as the people who lived there. Miłosz Resztak in his text Studies on legal culture in the Lublin town chancellery’s activity in the Late Middle Ages analyses particular aspects of the city chancellery in Lublin. First, he focuses on status denotations in the examined book. Then he characterized the role of Polish-language words in the books of the records from Lublin. In Wojciech Patronowicz’s article Lublin citizens’ everyday life in the 1408–1532 wilkürs perspective the author presents the aspects of medieval city life regulated by the afore-mentioned wilkürs: administration, security, and trade and craftsmanship, as well as the organizational structure
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In his monograph The Hangman and His Workshop in Silesia, Upper Lusatia, and Kladsko County from the Beginning of the 16th to the Mid – 19th Century Daniel Wojtucki presents the profession of executioner. Having analysed historical sources, the author comprehensively characterizes the work of the executioner in the broad social context. He describes the profession on the background of the executioner’s family and presents a common approach to such a job. Particularly worth mentioning were some of the extraneous activities that the executioner took up and the collaborators with whom he cooperated. According to legal aspects, the author described the procedure for execution of a sentence as well as tools used in the executioner’s work. As an appendix, the author attached biographies of various executioners.
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