Emlékek egy letűnt korszakból. Egy futballista emlékezései 1926-ból
Original publication: Nemzeti Sport, 1926
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Original publication: Nemzeti Sport, 1926
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Introduction. The deterioration of schoolchildren’s health which takes place in Kazakhstan has revealed the need for continuous children’s health monitoring within different climatic, geographical and environmental conditions. However, there is a lack of indicators of schoolchildren’s morpho-functional development for the Northern and Southern regions of Kazakhstan, which are relevant for making up-to-date health standard tables. In this regard, the aim of this research is to study children’s morpho-functional development in the Northern and Southern regions of Kazakhstan, for subsequent monitoring their health within the dynamics of learning. Materials and Methods. Participants of the study were 480 Kazakh schoolchildren from the Northern (No. 22 secondary school in Pavlodar) and Southern (No. 7 secondary school in Kyzylorda) regions aged between 12 and 17 years. 240 were female and 240 were male. The authors used standard generally accepted methods for determining the morphological indicators of physical development and functional indicators of the cardiorespiratory system at rest and after standard physical activities. The data were analyzed using the methods of variation and differential statistics. Results. The study has shown that all indicators of students' physical development are within age, gender and regional standards. However, a comparative assessment of morphological and functional indicators showed significant differences between the regions. All parameters of schoolchildren’s physical development, except height, were higher in all age groups in the Northern region. On the other hand, the representatives of the Southern region have shown better results concerning the functional parameters of the cardiovascular system, which indicated better physical endurance. Conclusions. The obtained data indicate the need for further research on children’s regional health characteristics and regional standards of morpho-functional development.
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This study examines the mental abilities of the student athletes and examining their emotional intelligence levels. The sample comprised 213 student athletes studying in the Bartın University. The data was collected with the Ottowa Mental Skills Assessment Tool (OMSAT-3’), Schuette emotional intelligence scale and personal data form. In conclusion, a significant difference was found in favor of the males in the stress reactions variable according to the gender (p<0.05). It was also showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the goal setting, commitment, imagery, mental practice, and self-confidence sub-dimensions of mental skills assessment tool for monthly income level of the participants (p<0.05) but no statistical significance was found according to the gender between the total scores and sub-dimensions of emotional intelligence (p>0.05). Additionally, a significant high correlation was reached between the monthly income level with the sub-dimensions of emotional intelligence and total scores, and between the mental skills assessment sub-dimension of the emotional intelligence and total scores (p<0.05). Lastly, when the mental skills assessment tool increase, the emotional intelligence score averages of the student athletes also increase.
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The present article presents the existing visions in the specialized literature regarding the study of the energy assurance potential of the muscular system, to the factors that influence this system according to the structure of the muscles in forming force qualities of the fighters of different styles. At the same time, the analysis of the literature reflects the limited character of these visions, which are not related to the achievements of the contemporary theory of the functionality of the fighters' body systems, ensuring the level of development of their force qualities. The knowledge system regarding the nominated aspects existing in sports wrestling is not based on the fundamental and specific factors of the formation of different functional components, ensuring the level of development of maximum force, force in speed and resistance in speed and, of course, not even on the scientific argumentation of the functional formation of a series of essential force components, which, in the end, reduces the effectiveness of the fighters training process.
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The research focus of the article is on the following question: does citizenship imply integration into the society. The article is based on integration experiences of two groups. One is Croats in Venezuela, emigrants and their descendants, who received Croatian citizenship based on ethnicity and moved to Croatia, the country the majority of them had never lived in before. The other group is Roma national minority, who had been born in Croatia. These two seemingly unrelated groups are connected in terms of their Croatian citizenship and life in the Republic of Croatia. The research has shown that the informants are legally well integrated into Croatian society but not integrated with regards to other dimensions of integration and self-perception. Using the qualitative methodology of cultural anthropology, in this article we compare and analyze everyday practices of these co-ethnic migrants and members of a national minority, taking into consideration the following dimensions of the process of integration: socio-economic,cultural, interactional, identity-related, and legal and political. The research has shown that the process of integration should be viewed holistically.
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The 1980s saw an expansion of supporter groups. Given the general crisis in the country, the soccer fans in Yugoslavia and their activities were more and more subjects of interest of the Yugoslav secret police. Based on the archival materials of the Croatian State Security Services, this work analyzes activities of the four major supporter groups in the then Socialist Republic of Croatia (Bad Blue Boys, Torcida, Armada and Kohorta) between 1989 and 1991. It looks into various aspects of monitoring and interpreting the emergence and activities of supporter groups by the secret police, with particular focus on the rise of nationalism in the context of movements throughout the country. By presenting these aspects, the work seeks to contribute to the historiographic analysis of the causes and atmosphere that led to the break-up of Yugoslavia.
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The objective of the research is to develop a functional physical training program (FPTP) that could improve the fitness level of conscripts, and to find ways to implement it into each unit’s training schedule. As the combined research strategy is used, the research is divided into three phases, with different methods of data collection in each phase. The data collection method of the first phase was a survey questionnaire conducted from December 2015 to January 2016. The objective was to detect problems and restrictions in conducting conscripts’ physical training (PT) in military units of the Estonian Defence Forces (EDF). Officers and NCOs who deal with the planning and execution of PT in the five biggest EDF units participated in the survey. During the statistical analysis of the collected data, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to measure covariance; analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparing the groups’ means. Based on the detected restrictions, the author defined factors that should be taken into account during the compilation of the FPTP. For effective implementation, PT volume must be in compliance with the intensity of the unit’s training cycle. The program must be applicable with minimal equipment, regardless of the unit’s sports facility. The program must have a defined training schedule, where the implemented methods are described thoroughly and exercises are clearly demonstrated. Exercises should copy the movement pattern of real actions from different tactical situations. The data collection methods of the second phase were a document analysis and an expert group assessment. The objective was to develop a functional physical training program and to assess its suitability for the groups’ PT in the EDF. Three different functional training program manuals were analyzed. The chosen programs were previously successfully implemented in different military and civil structures. During the analysis exercises, training methods and fitness measuring means that meet the criteria defined in the first phase were found. Based on these findings, the draft version of the FPTP was composed and given to the expert group for feedback. The program was adjusted in accordance with the expert assessment. The final version of the FPTP consisted of 25 PT classes with progressive degrees of difficulty. A plan for fitting the program into a unit’s training schedule, an instructor’s manual, class notes and a description of the Battle Oriented Physical Test (BOPT) were included in the program. The data collection method of the third phase was an experiment conducted at the Kuperjanov Infantry Battalion from July to November 2016. The objective was to evaluate the influence of the implementation of the FPTP on conscripts’ fitness and functional capabilities. Two separate experiments were conducted: short-term (7 week) and mid-term (15 week). In both experiments the sample consisted of two company-sized units; one unit (testgroup) trained according to the FPTP and the second (control-group) had traditional PT, which mostly consisted of running and bodyweight exercises. The standard Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) and the BOPT that was developed in the second phase of research were used for the fitness level measurements. Measurements were conducted on the first, the 7th and the 15th week of the training cycle. During the analysis of the collected data, paired and independent samples t-tests were used. The results show that for the short-term training cycle advantages of the implementation of the developed program are limited. Compared to the traditional PT, the usage of the FPTP provides at least the same improvement in BOPT tasks, push-up and sit-up tests. At the same time, the FPTP enables participants to achieve statistically significant higher improvement in the 3.2 km running test. It is important to note that the advantages of the developed program over traditional PT were more apparent during the mid-term implementation period. After the 15-week cycle, the application of the FPTP provided significantly higher improvement and better results in all battle oriented physical test tasks. It is important to mention that FPTP effectiveness becomes more significant in a cycle where physical training volume is limited to one class (90 min) per week. An additional advantage of the developed program is its independence of gym machines. Between the 8th and the 15th week of the cycle, the gym equipment usage was limited due to a higher number of personnel in the unit. Nevertheless, FPTP classes allowed the test-group to achieve significantly better results in tasks that required moving additional weights. At the same time there was no improvement in the control-group results. Taking into account the outcome of the experiments, the author concludes that successful implementation of the FPTP is possible. Compared to the usual PT, the application of the developed program is more effective in terms of soldiers’ preparation for battle-related physical tasks. That kind of preparation creates better conditions for the acquisition of skills and knowledge during collective (tactical) training. The author of the research recommends carrying out a similar study with a long-term (24 weeks) implementation period. In addition to functional capabilities measurement, a survey and/or interviews with participating soldiers should be conducted. The objective is to understand how functional physical training affects the learning motivation of conscripts. Based on the research results, the author made proposals to update EDF instructor training and modernize the sports facilities. These proposals will support the complex implementation of functional physical training into the EDF units’ training cycle.
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Sport is long-year educational-training process, building many qualities in those practicing it, such as will, tenacity, persistency, responsibility, self-confidence, discipline. It helps maintaining good health and discharges the psychic tension. School and universities are the places for attractive contacts, forming of knowledge and skills and preparation of the persons under education for future realization at the labour market.In the world of modern technologies and social nets, there is no other area in life except sport activity giving exclusive possibility for close, tet a tet association, for building of social contacts and forming up of social groups.In this article we consider the possibilities the sport really grants to the contestants from the UNWE team, for improvement of their social status and role in the society.The role of sport as a means for leading a healthy way of life, especially in the universities should be directed in another direction – creating of wide circle of contacts, building of motivation and responsibility for achievement of the tasks set, focusing on the achievements. Higher education is a possibility for young people to associate together and develop in a homogeneous environment, of similar interests, to create contacts, allowing them to realize on the labour market in future.60% of the inquired persons deem that futsal practicing in UNWE has helped for improvement of their social status, manifested in the bigger number of social contacts, better health condition and increased self-confidence, leader’s role in the society and financial prosperity.
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The need for physical education in secondary schools is both civilisational and social norm. The normative character rests on the scientifically proven benefits for biopsychosocial development, health, and social life, but as well on the fact that the need for physical activity is absolutely inherent in human nature. Being engaged in physical activity, especially for the purpose of physical health, has always been part of the ascetic tradition of the Church. However, there occasionally emerged teachings, unknown to the original tradition, which regarded ascetic virtue as struggle against body and physicality. Pointing out to the Eucharistic regard for the body as the gift of God, in this paper I will attempt to show that there is actual and imperative need for the students at Orthodox Seminaries to be provided with Physical Education classes, bearing in mind the modern way of living in which spending time in front of the computer and in a sedentary position is predominant.
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Youth Centres were founded to be able to evaluate that the young can protect themselves from hazardous activities within the frame of social, cultural, artistic and sportive in accordance with their interests, desires, abilities in their leisure times; they are formal foundations in which youths beings useful for their countries and nationalities, explorer, creative, connective, improving their skills and participating in communal living voluntary, by contributing social relations being a compatible person to the society and they aim at strengthening feelings of national unification and they are formal foundations engaging in this aspects. Aim of this study, to the example of Youth Centre in Ağrı province is that examining contributions of activities of it to the society. In the survey, it has been preferred the Method of Document Review which includes analyses of written materials involving information about an event or events to be aimed. In this way, it has been tackled that activities, which were committed for the last five years by the Youth Centre in Ağrı, provide contributions to the youth and society in every aspects and the results and positive indications that these contributions cause. It has been concluded that the Youth centres, which aim firstly for growing up the young ones as a good individual, provide serious benefits to social, cultural, sportive and educational activities at the same time such as needers, patients, people with disability, and rural children and especially to the disadvantageous groups of society, simultaneously in terms of young generation and society; it finds out two different situations in terms of young generation and society.
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Na kraju ove analize sportskog sistema valja nam još pokušati da objasnimo duboku popularnu ukorenjenost sporta, koja čini da je on stvarno doživljen kao svakodnevna kultura.
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Od najstarijih vremena ljudi su nastojali da se takmiče međusobno u postavljanju sportskih rezultata »koji bi ostali u sećanju, tj. koji bi se pamtili kao maksimalna dostignuća u borbi s vremenom, prostorom, protivnikom«.
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Krenete li na put vozom i nađete li se u kupeu među nepoznatima, u prvim kontakt-temama kojima se začinje i raspreda razgovor naći će se i sport.
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Dve kontrastne interpretacije problema sporta i rada. U vezi s pitanjem odnosa između sporta i društvenog rada, u literaturi dominiraju dve suprotne hipoteze.
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Na desetak aktivnih sportista imamo devet muškaraca i samo jednu ženu. U rekreativnom, zdravstvenom, sportu iz zadovoljstva, ta nesrazmera se penje na 30 do 50 muškaraca prema jednoj ženi.
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Ako je Miron vajao svog Diskobolosa prema idealnim ili idealiziranim proporcijama nekog stvarnog bacača iz stare Grčke, čije je anonimno tijelo ovjekovječio u umjetničkom djelu izrazite personalnosti, i ako je taj bacač doista bio pobjednik kojeg je trebalo ovjekovječiti, zamislite danas skulptora koji bi morao ovjekovječiti forme sovjetskih ili istočnonjemačkih natjecateljica u bacačkim ili neki drugim tehničkim disciplinama moderne atletike na sadašnjim Olimpijskim igrama.
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We can define three main factors that become an obstacle on the way of the development of new basketball professionals: insufficient development of certain educational factors; tobacco consumption and the decrease of health quality and activity that is associated with it; engagement with Internet activities. The absence of at least one of these factors would help to effectively influence the young people’s interest in basketball and further development in this field. The participants of the research experiment were 46 teachers of physical education from three Chinese institutes and 765 students (both local and international) from the same institutes. Three surveys were conducted within the course of the research – diagnostic control and additional. Between the diagnostic and control stages, the coaches-participants visited a set of lectures on the formation of the students’ motivation and on the smoking dangers for sportsmen. As a result of the anti-tobacco lectures that were conducted at the end of classes by the coaches-participants of the experiment, the percentage of those students who were ready to give up smoking grew from 9% to 23%.
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This research has as main purpose to analyse the dependent variable known as institutional visual identity consistency within higher education institutions that have Physical Education and Sports, and Kinetotherapy departments within Romania, with the means of the independent variables known as institutional organisation characteristics (knowledge strategy, methods and support). Given the survey and the hypotheses used are adapted from the academic literature, this research has as purpose to identify the connections between these constructs and the effects the independent variables have on the dependent variables. The research was undergone in seven departments with a physical education and sports and kinetotherapy profile from the following cities: Iasi, Bacau, Suceava, Galati, Craiova, Cluj-Napoca and Oradea. The survey has been applied on full-time professors with at least three years experience within these academic institutions. This study is trying to confirm or infirm the following statement: the positive or negative connection between the institutional organisation characteristics and the consistency of institutional visual identity.
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The research investigates the role of demography in fostering social inclusion around newly promoted football clubs. After addressing the role of being a ‘fan’, the literature review explains the sports-specific promotion/relegation system and how this can influence the coming together of fans in bonding ties with their local communities. Although the Null Hypothesis is invalidated, showing that a certain connection might exist between the variables, the regression results indicate that demographics alone are not sufficient in order to explain if and how promoted clubs can support social inclusion. The Discussions expand on factors that have to be taken into consideration alongside demographics if social inclusion via football clubs is a matter of interest.
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