We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The relations between language culture and ethics of the word go beyond the problems of strictly linguistic communication today as they encompass also the issues of communicating with paralinguistic and pictorial means. All this does not fit into language culture and therefore the problem of its superiority over ethics of the word is ambiguous. The works performed by Zespół Etyki Słowa (Team for Ethics of the Word) by Rada Języka Polskiego (Council for the Polish Language) are devoted to what needs to be improved in the Polish culture despite acute conflicts between politicians, which are carried over to the media and interpersonal relationships. What is still optimistic – despite the difficulties – is that there are many people (both adults and students) who feel attached to the notion of common good and thinking of social obligations of a human being.
More...
This sketch is dedicated to considering the relation between classical rhetoric and language culture. The latter is understood as oriented exclusively (or mainly) towards categories of proper language use, norms of language use, and criteria determining such norms. Deviations from the norms and violation of the criteria are frequently considered a (phonetic, grammatical, lexical, etc.) language error. The author demonstrates the convergence between language culture and classical rhetoric, where proper language use (Latinitas or Hellenismós) is one – yet not the only (along with appropriateness, clarity, ornateness) – criterion for evaluating the value of utterances/statements. Hence the final thesis: the word rhetoric is a hypernym of language culture.
More...
The object of the analysis is forms considered incorrect, non-standard, yet included and discussed in Enlightenment grammar books of Polish by: Walenty zylarski (1770), Michał Dudziński (1776), and Onufry Kopczyński (1778––1781, 1817), and in a book on the Polish language by Stanisław Kleczewski (1767). The issues of proper language use touched upon by the authors in the above mentioned works refer to various problems: spelling, pronunciation, inflection, word structures and appropriateness, syntactic connectivity, and utterance/statement clarity. The object of the evaluation is (general Polish and regional – borderland) forms which, in the authors’ opinion, violated the norms of general familiarity, semantic expressiveness, and stylistic dignity. The grammarians approve of the borrowings which entered the Polish language long ago. Each of the discussed works is another link in the debate on the Polish language, linguistic habit, and norms of language use.
More...
Stanisław Szober napisał kilka dzieł zatytułowanych Gramatyka języka polskiego – pierwsza z nich ukazywała się w częściach w latach 1914–1916 i była kierowana do nauczycieli szkół średnich, druga – z 1923 r. – to podręcznik uniwersytecki. Gramatyka w trzecim wydaniu także miała być podręcznikiem akademickim, jednak całkowicie zmienione dzieło nie zostało ukończone: w 1931 roku ukazały się dwa z czterech [Wieczorkiewicz 1959, 13] planowanych jej tomów.
More...
The review of: Michał Głowiński, Zła mowa, „Wielka Litera”, Warszawa 2016, ss. 416
More...
The review of: Małgorzata Karwatowska, Leszek Tymiakin, Światy Uczniowskie. Język. Media. Komunikacja (Student worlds. Language. Media. Communication), Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, Lublin 2014, ss. 422
More...
The main objective of this research is to analyze and explain the similarities and differences between East and West in the novel My Name Is Red by Orhan Pamuk. In order to study will be necessary to deal with the basic features of cottonseed creativity which will be done in the example in the novel My Name Is Red by Orhan Pamuk. Although the primary object of study represent similarities and differences between East and West, the research will also be conducted according to the theoretical considerations in My Name Is Red by Orhan Pamuk.
More...
The aim of this paper is an attempt to explain why the science fiction genre is not a fiction, taking as a basis two subgenres – cyberpunk and dystopia. The authors of these two subgenres depict a destroying world, ruled by high technologies and cybernetics, mixed with social decay – worlds too close to our present one. Relationships and conflicts, which the main characters build with the masses, define them as a sediment of the society – contemporary and future rebels – against status quo, because they do not obey the rules. The examples that follow are based on two fiction books and on a popular science book, written by a physicist Michio Kaku, interested in rapidly developed technologies and their appliances in every aspect of live. William Gibson and Cory Doctorow do not make predictions as Jules Verne and Arthur Clarke did, but what they do in their books is to expose the new achievements of science and technologies in order to show the direction through which the world goes in.
More...
The character of the relations between linguistic and not strictly linguistic elements of awareness is discussed upon the example of existing notions. The vocabulary material reflecting both historical and contemporary interpretations is quoted. These interpretations consider the words’ etymology. Their analysis is intended to find out the motifs which change in time, features and semantic analogies. These three elements are then consolidated in the notions of the mental and linguistic culture. Later on the character of relations is established (by placing the character in artificially created space) between the state of an animal and that of a human. The human resembles the animal, and the latter is a representative of a community in captivity, and the human observing the animals becomes an element of the collective display. The gathered information and interpretations (compared to the data from the dictionary of dreams via their semantic and mental features) make it possible to ask a question on the semantics of the mental and semantic features of the vivid experiences which are in perceptual and mental existence. These experiences shape the notions for the representatives of a specific mental culture. The notions in question are of regulating, approximate and not always realized character. These notions are especially the ones which condition the organisation of the world in linguistic and non‑linguistic awareness, and as a result they influence the semantic evolution of a language as well as its users’ mentality.
More...