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This article offers a historiographical interpretation of an exceptionally rich personal archive; namely, fond Number 6: “Tŭrgovska kŭshta [Commercial Company] ‘Khristo P. Tŭpchileshtov’”, kept in Bŭlgarski istoricheski arkhiv (Bulgarian Historical Archive), Narodna Biblioteka (National Library) “Sv. Sv. Kiril i Metodiĭ” in Sofia. The analysis is organized around three issues: the biography of the archive’s founder; the acquisition of the archive by the National Library; and the ways the archival material has been interpreted in the Bulgarian historiography. More specifically, I am discussing the ideological motivation behind the arrangement of the documents and their multiple uses in the historical studies during the interwar, socialist, and post-socialist periods. There is a paradoxical situation: the fond Number 6 is not only one of the biggest archival personal collections but also one of the least actually used archives. And yet, one of the most cited in Bulgarian historical research. Accordingly, the fond provides a window into more substantial historiographical issues. I am arguing that the way the fond was catalogued by its first archivist, predetermined the way it was interpreted in the subsequent historiography; namely, within the confines of a national narrative almost ignoring the ample information about the Ottoman, Balkan, and European context.
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Using Local Archives for a Historical Reevaluation of Socialism. Examples of Bankrupted Factories’ Collections and Rehabilitation Processes in Čačak Region (Serbia)
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Under this heading, with a few introductory remarks of the Editorial office, we are publishing the two authors’ contributions in the field of indigenous culture memories: the first is entitled “Memorial room in Tešanj 1992–1995 – The forgiveness is an enemy” by Mensura Mujanović from Tešanj and the second “Memorial room of the Municipality of Gračanica 1992–1995–Preliminary design of the project “, written by Edin Šaković from Gračanica. The first presents the experiences of the already implemented project in Tešanj, the second includes the basic contours of this same project which is intended to be implemented in Gračanica. This is one of the ways and forms of fostering a culture of remembrance of the Defensive-Liberation War and not so long gone time, marked with an attempt to break down, but also the rise of a free, independent and sovereign Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Since 2009, through participation in the Library Development Programme (LDP), public libraries in villages and urban-rural municipalities have been undertaking dynamic activities. In 2012, within the LDP, eleven young Polish librarians (including the author of the article) and library and information science students participated in the International Young Librarians Academy in Ventspils, Latvia. The article presents their experience and opinions (also librarians from Romania, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine, Moldova, Bulgaria and the USA attended the Academy). The author describes the conditions of participation in the project, the course of four-week training and the librarians’ experiences after returning home. It has been shown that going abroad, eshablishing contacts, exchanging experience and seeing new solutions have a significant impact on the professional activity of librarians.
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The aim of the article is to present the fate of libraries in Afghanistan and to discuss contemporary aspects of work at those libraries. The author analyzes the factors affecting librarian work after the fall of the Taliban regime and the activities of various international and Afghan organizations dealing with the rebuilding of library structures in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, with particular emphasis on the role of the Polish Armed Forces. Apart from the modern aspects of the work of librarians in Afghanistan, the specifics of using the collections by women is also presented. Collections and library activities in selected libraries in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, including Afghan Digital Library, are described.
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In the years 1996–1999 the civil war raged in Kosovo, which at that time was part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Several years after the war, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia was still giving judgments on crimes against humanity. In addition to the genocide during the war there was libricide – intentional destruction of books, as one of the elements associated with ethnic cleansing. Immediately after the war, actions supposed to reconstruct the lost heritage were taken, which required an enormous commitment of many people. In 2000, a report on the Kosovo Library, a general assessment and a short and medium‑term development plan were created. The document was written through the collaboration of UNESCO, Council of Europe and IFLA. The Kosova Library Mission was created, within which the long-term plan Kosova Library Project 2000+ was proposed. The plan assumes the creation of eleven different programmes related to reconstruction and improvement of the library network.
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Keywords and their latest versions, called tags, are the object of this paper. Those expressions are treated as elements of the lexical systems of respective languages: the keyword language and the tag language. Our presentation of those vocabulary groups is intended to demonstrate that they are not homonymous, in structural or functional respects. Those two lexical resources are presented rather from the viewpoint of the theory of indexing and retrieval languages as well as the information search theories. Considering the future of the languages in question, the author presents the folksonomies and the possibilities of application of the respective vocabulary collections in the construction of tools required for semantization of the information retrieval environment in the Internet, including the construction of ontology and thought maps. Special attention was paid to the idea that keywords and tags are practically equivalent to specific “languages” which, similarly to natural languages, are subjected to continuous changes. For that reason, it is necessary to regularly monitor them and consider their practical application in document and information description and search. The works on keywords constitute a step towards the construction of linguistic tools for the needs of a semantic website. This paper is a contribution to the discussion on the development of keyword vocabularies created at the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Such vocabularies constitute part of the Slavic bibliographic information system.
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This article is devoted to the problem of the criteria on which multi-word terms should be selected and verified for the bibliographic database of Slavic linguistics publications iSybislaw. The text is based on Russian and Polish linguistic material. Such criteria as actuality, frequency, transparency of form are applied separately in each language and different sets and variability of terms in the each case are established. The authors examine also the reasons of formal and semantic asymmetry between Polish and Russian terminological units in the database.
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A regional variety of the Polish language of the north-eastern borderland in both oral and written forms has been functioning in Belarus, Lithuania and Latvia (former Polish Livonia) for several centuries. In 2000, The Team for Research on the Polish Language of the North-Eastern Borderland of the Institute of Slavic Studies of PAS came up with an idea of creating A Dictionary of oral Polish language of the north-eastern borderland. First, publications containing patterns of the Polish language, credibly recorded, were collected. There were more and more new studies, and the material was enriched with many new lexemes as well as their new variants or better exemplifications. Therefore, the lexical collection continued and was completed in 2012. At the same time the team researchers carried out excerpting from earlier texts, choosing examples, searching for parallel forms of lexemes, blending the material in dictionary units, i.e. establishing the form of a dictionary entry. In this way the corpus of the dictionary was written, following a formula created by the team. The article presents methodology of creating the Dictionary, its material basis, short description of lexical items included and the content of an entry.
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Madrasa education is a very important part of the History of Muslim education and Islamic studies in India. As many as 25 per cent of Muslim children in the 6-14 year age group have either never attended school or have dropped out, so madrasa school is the only choice for them.
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In January 1930, the first issue of a new political weekly connected with the conservative camp “Na Dobie” was published. The paper was run by Adolf Dziaczkowski – the former responsible editor of “Dzień Polski”, who in mid-December 1929 had left the editorial staff of the Warsaw conservative daily after his conflict with the members of the Stronnictwo Prawicy Narodowej [National Right Party] being in charge of the journal, opposing their loyalist policy towards Józef Piłsudski's post-May rule. The new paper had an ambition to represent all the political circles whose interest were tied to agricultural activity. Therefore, in spite of his conservative provenance, the weekly's editor took up – in vain – action towards building a new political formation “Agricultural Party”. Apart from that, the publicists focused their attention on commenting current political events. In their opinions they concentrated on criticizing the so called “colonels” – the Marshals' closest adherents, at the same time supporting the center part of the Bezpartyjny Blok Współpracy z Rządem [Nonpartisan Block of Cooperation with the Government] gathered around professor Kazimierz Bartel, who was Prime Minister five times in the years 1926–1930. “Na Dobie”, however, did not manage to win a regular group of readers and associates, which would allow the journal to survive on the press market. Between 5th January and 13th April 1930, only fifteen issues were published. The weekly probably collapsed due to financial causes, which is indicated by its falling circulation starting with the seventh issue.
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The article presents research on documents which were published by Witkacy’s Theatre from 1985 to 2010. The content and publication form of the programmes were analysed. The article includes a presentation of selected documents and the state of research. The text also contains library context which was used as a starting point for next considerations.
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We present the genesis and evolution of methods and measures of IR systems evaluation. The design of the Cranfield experiment, a long-term model for evaluation methodology, is described. Evolution of current methodology of IR systems evaluation, developed at the annual TREC (Text REtrieval Conference) is provided, and the most popular and current measures described. The article presents also design of the CLEF (Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum) evaluation labs with special attention paid to CHiC (Cultural Heritage in CLEF). We describe the design of Polish Task in CHiClab and discuss conclusions from lab realisation.
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After World War II, the rules of conservation-restoration of historic objects in Poland were liberalised. The so called “Polish school of conservation” allowed significant interferences in the historic objects, which was often dictated not only by the will to obtain good technical condition of an object, but also – especially when compared to contemporary tendencies – excessive enhancement of aesthetic qualities. That approach to conservation practice existed in dissonance with the conservation theory in Western Europe at the time. This fact was noticed in Poland and sorted out, starting with the creation of conservation doctrines and rules, and also a code of ethics for the profession. In practice, however, there are still examples of actions anchored in the former aesthetics, carried out not according to the compulsory rules. Awareness of the changes made in the field of conservation-restoration must also reach non-conservation domains: principals, owners, collection keepers. They need to be aware of these changes, because it is their role to provide preventive conservation and commission conservations, and thus co-decide on the programme. The article’s goal is to inform the keepers of historic book collections about the changes, so that together, as a result of cooperation between various fields deciding about the condition of collections, it will be possible to create the best possible programmes of conservational care on every level (from preventive conservation to conservation-restoration).
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The reviewed publication is an outcome of a conference which took place in 2013 in Bydgoszcz and was dedicated to the history of the book and the press in culture. Twenty two researchers from universities and colleges across the country presented their research in the area. The book consists of 19 articles that discuss wide range of issues from ancient to modern times.
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Review of a book on theoretical and practical aspects of management of intangible library assets. Focusing on library services rather than resources resulted in a need to change their organization. The intangible organizational resources have gained in importance which in turn affects service quality. The thesis of the book is recognition of the importance of intangible factors in library management and creating the library’s position in its environment.
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This article presents an overview of the most common methods for modeling the reliability of electronic products. A classification in terms of the information used in modeling is done. Problems and limitations of the methods are discussed. Guidelines for further work are outlined for improvement of the credibility of the obtained estimates of reliability indexes and the ultimate usefulness of the conducted reliability modeling.
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