Самоуправленският социализъм в Кумановски регион - експеримент или реалност

Author(s): Anton Venev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2019

The study focuses the history of Socialism in Yugoslavia. It reviews the self-governing socialism and the transition to it in Kumanovo region during the period of 1948-1960. Mainly are reviewed the changes and the development in the industry and the agriculture in the region, and how the new public affairs have an impact on them.

Сандаљева удовица Јелена Хранић

Author(s): Ðuro Tošic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 41/2004

Jelena grandit et fut élevée dans la maison de ses parents (1368-1386). La plus belle partie de sa jeunesse elle passa comme épouse de Djurdje II Stracimirovic et dans un règne autonome sur Zeta au nom de son fils mineur Balsa (1403-1411). Son âge mûr elle consacra à son deuxième mari, duc Sandalj (1411-1435). Les dernières années de sa vie elle uecnt comme veuve (1435-1443) jusqu'à sa mort en âge de soixante-quinze ans. De toutes ces périodes notre attention fut uniquement fixée, en vue des matériaux édits et inédits d'archivé à Kotor, et à Raguse (Dubrovnik), à son veuvage pendant lequel elle avait montré, en dépits de son âge, une énergie impressionante. C'est surtout son engagement en matières de finance qui est mérite de notre admiration. Elle prenait des intérêts de la somme que Sandalj avait déposé sous son nom et aussi elle-même, elle déposait de l'argent et des valeurs différentes à Dubrovnik et à Kotor. Si elle n'arrivait pas à faire tout elle-même, elle le faisait par ses employés (élèves, notaires), envoyés et confidents. Une partie de l'argent gagné en ces opérations bancaires elle utilisait aussi pour son progrès spirituel: elle fondait des églises, reconstruisait celles qui étaient vieilles et en mauvais état, s'occupait des moines et jouissait en lisant la litérature monastique et autre, elle gardait des réliques de saints et menait des longues et intéressantes conversations avec l'abbé Nikandar sur les questions en ce temps-là fréquemment disputées: sur les questions d'aumône, de monachisme, de la vie cénobite et de la vie anachorète. Comme les autres princesses serbes (mère Milica, Jelena Serska, qui est devenue plus tard en religion Jefimija et la reine Jelena Anzujska) elle aussi a eu la vie pleine de succès d'une femme très travaillante, très intelligente, qui avait en plus une très bonne éducation et qui était remplie de l'espoir de trouver le chemin qui l'emmenerait vers la «vie éternelle».

Санкт-Петербургский университет в судьбах лидеров русского либерализма: Ф. И. Родичев и В. Д. Набоков

Author(s): O. A. Gavrilova,Michail Viktorovich Khodyakov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 06/2013

Article is devoted to Fedor Rodichev and Vladimir Nabokov — outstanding graduates of the St. Petersburg University at the end of 19th century. On the basis of a wide range of sources, the authors describe the development outlook of future politicians, show the role of the University in their life and fate, reveal the origins of their public activity.

Саноцкие сотные XV века

Author(s): S. S. Pashin / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 06/2011

The article is devoted to the group of the royal bondservants in Red (Galician) Rus' in the 15th century. The author comes to the conclusion that the Sanok hundred's men (sothni) were the descendants of ancient Russian serf-captives settled on land (smerdy).

Санстефанският мир: зад кулисите на дипломацията

Author(s): Konstantin Kosev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/1997

At the very moment of its signature, the San Stefano Peace Treaty was defined by the Russian government as preliminary, i. e., as having no legal validity due to lack of international recognition. On the eve of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877/78, Russia had made secret pacts with Austria-Hungary and Great Britain; upon the conclusion of the war, the Russians knew that no peace treaty would get legal recognition unless it took into account the interests of the remaining Great Powers. Why then did Russia bother to sign a preliminary peace treaty if it were perfectly aware that any such treaty would inevitably be subject to further revision by virtue of the existing secret agreements? The analysis of the post-war manoeuvres conducted by the Russian diplomacy provides an answer to this question. Russia aimed at preserving, and strengthening, its influence in the Eastern as well as in the Western half of the Balkans. For this purpose, its diplomacy embarked on a course that was ambivalent in its nature: on one hand, Russia strove to secure recognition of its strengthened positions in the Balkans and achieved this through the publicity surrounding the signature of the San Stefano Peace Treaty; on the other, it went for this treaty's subsequent revision at the Congress of Berlin because of the binding nature of the pre-war secret agreements which the Russian government had made with other Great Powers.

Сарајевски атентат као провокација територијалне поделе Србије

Author(s): Vikrot Nikolajevic Voronjin / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 12/2014

Prosecutions of austrian-hungary authorities in an address Serbia and Russia in relation to their involvement to preparation of encroaching upon heir of throne Franca Ferdinand were part of military propaganda. Belgrade not only did not participate in preparation of this murder, but improbable is and participating in him of Serbian secret organization the “Black hand” under the direction of colonel Dragutin Dimitrijević. Most probably, that murder in Sarajevo was straight geared-up austrian military party which was headed by general Konrad background of Getcendorf. The purpose of this provocation was laying of Belgrade to terrorism and after it territorial dismemberment of Serbia. Thus main from point of geopolitics for aggressors there was a Kosovo question, that allows to understand motive reasons of actions of row of powers in the third millennium.

Сарафизмьт като течение във Вътрешната македоно-одринска революционна организация

Author(s): Slavi Slavov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2012

The faction of Boris Sarafov's adherents – the so called sarafists, was an essential element of the overall ideological and organizational division of the Internal Organization after the suppression of the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie Uprising. As an independently functioning faction albeit within IMARO sarafism lasted until early 1907, when his leader was included in the composition of the Temporary representation of the Organization abroad. The rise of sarafism is a result mainly of the deep institutional crisis which affected all levels of the hierarchical structure of IMARO in post-Ilinden period. Unlike the other factions in the Organization, albeit widely using phraseology borrowed from the leftists, Sarafov's faction did not have its own specific ideology. B. Sarafov's activity was mainly defined by personal motivation. Despite the absence of a strong ideological programme, however, sarafist faction plays a significant and in some revolutionary areas – a vital role. Sarafism is unique among the other factions in IMARO that occurred after the defeat of the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie Uprising. Without a formal break with the Internal Organization, it had a high level of detachment, followed its own tactical line and maintained direct, fully independent contacts with the Bulgarian government. Only the inclusion of Sarafov in the leadership of the Organization led to gradual fading of the independent activities of his followers.

САРАЯТЪ НА ДЖЕЛЯДИНЪ-БЕГА ВЪ СТРУГА

Author(s): N. A. Mouchmov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 01+02/1938

The seigneur of the region around Ochrid, Djéladine-bey, who in 1831 relocated in Shkodra, beside his three serails in Ochrid held a forth one in Ressen and one in Struga, which had been constructed in the midst of the river and and burned down in 1832. Since all the architectural plans of these serails have gon lost the author tries to reconstruct from different sources at least an impression how the architecture looked like.

Саркофаг из Чана и его изобразительная программа

Author(s): Hanna V. Vertiienko / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2015

The paper is devoted to interpretation of the images on the sarcophagus found in a plundered crypt near the city of Çan in 1998. The monument is dated by the beginning of the 4th century BC. Two polychrome reliefs with the images remained on it: 1) the scene of horse hunting of deer and boar; 2) battle scene (opposition of a pedestrian soldier in Greek clothes to a Persian rider and an infantryman). Probably, the owner of the coffin belonged to the highest Persian aristocracy, being a confidant of the satrap of Asia Minor and/or royal family. The meaning of the scenes represented on the coffin can be interpreted through a prism of Iranian ideas of kingliness.The scene of hunting on the coffin shows similarity to Xenophon’s story about the youth of Cyrus the Great. The second scene on the sarcophagus seems to display a “mythologized” story, yet this time not the one of Cyrus the Great, but his descendant’s — Cyrus the Young, the satrap of Asia Minor and the younger son of Darius ІІ. This “hellenized” Persian opposed his brother, Artaxerxes II, but died in the battle of Cunaxa in 401 BC. The motive for this opposition between the royal brothers, and the subsequent death of the younger one — the legitimate governor — is one of the fundamental motives of the Iranian Epos. Also noted is similarity of motives on the considered sarcophagus with the golden comb from Solokha Barrow.

Сарматские субкультуры Нижнего Поволжья

Author(s): Evgeny V. Vdovchenkov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 4/2018

Сарматский котел из Нижнего Поднестровья

Author(s): Serghei I. Kurchatov,Nicolai P. Telnov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 4/2010

The paper presents an iconographic and semantic analysis of a small ritual Sarmatian cauldron with three different zoomorphic apotropoaic handles and a tubular spout, which represents an isolated finding from the leſt bank of the lower Dniester (near the town of Slobozia). The obtained results suggest that the cauldron was manufactured by a craftsman who was strongly influenced by some religious ideas typical of Central Asian region, and who might have been brought into the North-Western Black Sea area by one of numerous waves of migration (by Alani). Some analogous cauldrons are thought to have been used in some mysteries accompanied by incense psychotropic substances and preceding the funeral ceremony.

Сатира и политическая пропаганда в Болгарии с обособления оппозиции до выборов в XXVI Обыкновенное народное собрание (сентябрь-ноябрь 1945 года)

Author(s): Natalia Hristova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 4/1994

Сахрана Војводе Степе Степановића 1929: необјављене фотографије

Author(s): Miloš Timotijevic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1-3/2007

Сашка Миланова. Съюзът на журналистите в .политическата преса. на властта 1944.1960 г. Велико Търново, Изд. "Витал" 2009.328 с.

Author(s): Irina Grigorova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 5-6/2009

Surveys and References

САЩ в политическата съдба на България: 1919-1989 г. (Фрагменти от историята на българо-американските отношения)

Author(s): Vitka Toshkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2006

The study outlines the basic stages in the history of the Bulgarian-American relations and the factors that provoked a number of peculiarities in their development. Their first manifestation was the denial of Sofia to accept as a diplomatic agent a person who was at the same time the US general consul in Constantinople. The Bulgarian objections continued from 1901 to June 1903 when the problem was finally settled. During World War One at variance with the existing international norms Washington preserved diplomatic relations with Bulgaria and did not declare war at her although she had joined the opposite war coalition. Being on the side of the vanquished Bulgaria refused to accept the unfavourable separate peace treaty proposed by the US administration. This „self-will“ did not harm the long-lasting significance of the American educational and charity centres for the shaping of the Bulgarian intelligentsia and the acquirement by some Bulgarian institutions of the American experience in the field of health services, agriculture, upbringing of children. The US diplomacy made efforts to attract Bulgaria to the American initiatives for excluding the war as a way for the settlement of conflicts between nations. World War Two once again created a peculiar situation for a specific dialogue between the two states. The impossibility for the Bulgarian government to be forced to stick to the declared neutrality and avoid alliance with the Third Reich placed Bulgaria for the second time among the enemies of the USA (December 12, 1941). With delay America declared „a state of war“ to Bulgaria (June 2–5, 1942), followed by unsuccessful efforts for „the detachment of Bulgaria from the Axis“ through a special operation of the American intelligence service. The Agreement for an Armistice with Bulgaria (October 28, 1944) signed by the USSR, Great Britain and the USA opened minimal possibilities for the influence of the West on the post-war state and political system of the country. The re-establishment of the diplomatic relations (September 1947) offered a short period for difficult communication. The tension (tolerated from Moscow) developed into a conflict in the late 1949 and early 1950 when the American Minister Plenipotentiary D. Heath was declared „persona non grata“ and Washington broke off diplomatic relations in reply. On the part of Bulgaria attempts at ceasing the confrontation started soon after Stalin’s death, which ended successfully in 1959. In the next years the dialogue between Sofia and Washington should be influenced by the Soviet- American relations as well as by the American concepts of „differentiated approach“ and „building of bridges“ towards the Soviet satellites. The effect of their implementation in practice eroded the „unity“ of the Soviet Bloc and created conditions for its collapse.

САЩ, 1865: Робството е мъртво! Да живее робството!

(Още за отношението "господар-роб" в модерната култура на Запада)

Author(s): Simeon Simeonov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

The study focuses on the problem of 'master-slave' relations in Modern Times. Analysing the ideology of slave ownership in the United States, the author puts forward the arguments about the continuity of the 'master' attitude in the conditions of the liberal democratic West.

Сборник в честь юбилея Виолы Добоши (Biró K. T., Markó A., Bajnok K. P. (eds.). 2014. Aeolian Scripts. New ideas on the lithic world studies in honour of Viola T. Dobosi. Inventaria Praehistorica Hungariae XIII. Budapest: Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum. 344 p

Author(s): Yuri E. Demidenko / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2016

Сборник доклади от Годишна университетска научна конференция 2018 на Национален военен университет „Васил Левски“ – гр. Велико Търново, 14 15 юни 2018 г.

Author(s): Tanya Kazandzhieva,Mihail Haralampiev,Petar Getsov,Garo Mardirosyan,Julia Doncheva,Ivo Draganov,Antoni Slavinski,Anna Georgieva,Nina Hristova,Angel Manev,Tanyo Tanev,Dinko Gospodinov,Veselin Tashev,Anatoliy Radev,Penka Kaneva,Elitsa Georgieva,Vyara Granitzka,Vanya Dineva,Liliana Slavianova,Evdokiya Stefanova,Tereza Stefanova,Todor Dachev,Nedka Koleva,Tamara Draganova,Tatyana Kostyukova,Aleksander Yankov,Doncho Ivanov,Raluca Gabriela Burcea,Orlin Dimitrov,Dimitar Parlichev,Galin Petrov,Diana Todorova,Svetla Petrova,Anton Tachev,Valentina Christova-Bagdassarian,Desislava Gyurova,Mihaela Ivanova,Vera Pavlova,Maria Mitreva,Rositsa Georgieva,Rositsa Enikova,Maya Stoyneva-Gertner,Blagoy Uzunov,Petya Dimitrova,Daniela Stankova,Ginka Paunova,Lydia Mechkueva,Zvezdimira Tsvetanova,Milen Zamfirov,Emiliya Savova,Elitsa Petrova,Teodora Todorova,Antoan Stratiev,Boyko Bahnev,Erol Buyukliev,Plamen Atanasov,Valentin Vasilev,Sonya Aleksova,Verislav Badev,Ivan Dimitrov,Evgeni Gurdev,Hristo Gendzhov,Stoil Angelov,Jivko Apostolov,Stoyan Valchev,Petia Dikova,Yavor Boichev,Stanislav Asenov,Tihomir Solakov,Hristo Hristov,Mariya Neykova,Georgi Georgiev,Albert Karolewski,Malgorzata Rejman-Karolewska,Stamen Chupetlovski,Stanislav Morfov,Plamen Minchev,Kolio Spasov,Borislav Zlatev,Stanimir Stoyanov,Plamen Georgiev,Iskren Ivanov,Atanas Boyadzhiev,Vanya Uzunova,Ivailo Iliev,Nedka Nikolova,Yavor Raychev,Olga Mancheva-Ali,Bagryana Ilieva,Valentina Staneva,Hristo Stanev,Doroteya Valentinova,Sevdalina Dimitrova,Ekaterina Arabska,Sabin Sabev,Bogomila Borisova,Milena Vladimirova,Krassimira Kostadinova,Petya Petkova,Vladimir Gonchev,Tichomir Lichev,Gosho Petkov,Mayiana Mitevska-Encheva,Petia Radeva,Valeria-Tereza Doncheva,Georgi Dimitrov,Ivo Velikov,Zlatin Kiryakov,Venelin Terziev,Marin Georgiev,Polina Milusheva,Dimitar Rusev,Plamen Tzvetkov,Tereza Stefanova,Nina Bakanova,Tatiana Atanasova,Ivan Blagoev,Petya Gencheva,Dimitar Kirkov,Krasa Kostova,Rosen Pasarelski,Anushka Stancheva,Vasil Kadrev,Svilen Stoyanov,Angel Alexandrov,Georgi Petrov,Nayden Yordanov,Aleksandar Sabev,Petar Tomov,Iliyan Zankinski,Maria Barova,Dimo Kostov,Hristo Duldurski,Doroteya Koleva,Stanislava Pavlova,Dian Velev,Shtiliyana Stoyanova,Plamena Tsvetanova,Dancho Talev,Veselin Tashev,Angel Manev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,French,Russian / Publication Year: 2018

Proceedings of the Annual University Scientific Conference 2018 of the National Military University "Vasil Levski" - Veliko Tarnovo, 14 - 15 June 2018

Сборниците със смесено съдържание от XV–XVII в. като отражение на българския светоглед от първите столетия на османското робство

Author(s): Tatyana Lekova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 4/1987