Tossutäkuga euroopas, revolvriga türgis
Review of: Kairi Tilga. Tossutäkuga Euroopasse. Eduard Vilde reisikirjad. Tallinn: Go Reisiraamat, 2013. 312 lk.
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Review of: Kairi Tilga. Tossutäkuga Euroopasse. Eduard Vilde reisikirjad. Tallinn: Go Reisiraamat, 2013. 312 lk.
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It is aimed to determine the availability of local and geographical indication registered food and beverage products in the menus of food and beverage businesses operating in İzmir. Based on the fact that local products are subject to geographical marking, an evaluation was made with the participants in the destination through the menus. The research is based on the qualitative research approach. In the research, in-depth interview method was applied by using semistructured interview form. The population of the research consists of 19 participants residing inİzmir metropolis and coastal districts that are prominent in tourism. The research sample consists of especially food and beverage businesses operating within the borders of İzmir, İzmir Chamber of Commerce manager, İzmir Metropolitan Municipality manager, association manager on gastronomy, academicians in the field of food and beverage, chefs, hotel managers and travel agency owners. As a result of the research, it has been concluded that in the central districts ofİzmir, local or geographically indicated foods and beverages are few in the menus and they are aware of by the participants, but they are given more place in the menus of the businesses operating in the districts of Urla, Seferihisar, Çeşme, Karaburun and Foça districts.
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The report given by Georgi Svetozarov and Tsvetana Manova at the geographical conference “Geo Decade” 2020 – 2030, is a presentation of a centuries old Bulgarian tradition, which represents “Surva” feast. This feast is tied to ancient customs and traditions for prosperity, health and fertility. The report on the topic: SURVA’S MASQUERADE GAMES IN “SREDNO KRAISHTE” REGION - VISUAL AND VERBAL DISCOURSE, shows the differences and similarities of an old tradition in one municipality, but in several different villages. The text represents the living traditional masquerade games in the days of Surva in the region of “Sredno Kraishte”. The research is based on photo-documentary materials, which are a complete historical source. They are juxtaposed with life narratives to complete and flesh out the picture. This approach makes it possible to trace the performance of the custom„Survakari” in the villages of Zemen, Elov dol, Berende, Gabrov dol, Divlya and Peshtera from the middle of the last century to the present days.
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The number of studies on the “historical geography” discipline, which is developing in Turkey, is phenomenally finite. Especially, studies on the historical geography of Anatolia in the Middle Ages are very limited. For this reason, it is important to determine and evaluate the sources concerning the historical geography of Anatolia in the Middle Ages. The aim of this study is to determine that Danishmend Gazi Epic can be used as a historical geography source. Because our country of the sources of the historical geography is very limited regarding the Middle Ages of Anatolia, especially concerning the periods when Anatolia was conquered by the Turks. As a result, the knowledges of geographical features about the period are insufficient. Danishmend Gazi Epic has been discussed in many studies in the light of literature and history. however, the epic has not been evaluated with regard to historical geography till now. İn this paper, It will be given the information regarding the geographical features of the Central Black Sea region (especially the provinces of Tokat, Amasya, Çankırı and Çorum) based on the Danishmend Gazi Epic between XI.-XIII. centuries. Danishmend Gazi Epic gives significant information concerning the physical and human geography especially earthquakes, floods, plant species, important settlements, place names, physical conditions of settlements, topography of settlements, plant and animal species. Danishmend Gazi Epic between XI.-XIII. centuries with the study. These datas indicate us that Danismend Gazi Epic to can be used as a source about the historical geography of Anatolia in the Middle Ages, when the resources were limited.
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Cruise tourism is growing in popularity. Currently, the Mediterranean Region stands as the second most visited destination by cruise lines, following the Caribbean. However, the Black Sea has lots to offer in terms of potential as well. Six countries border along it, and all have ports that visited by cruise ships. Türkiye has 25 such ports – the city-provinces of Trabzon, Sinop, Samsun, and Bartın being particularly popular. This paper aims to delve deeper into this particular topic, and offer ideas about where and how Türkiye could improve. for the improvement of the current potential. We’ve used both quantitative and qualitative data based on field research that involved travel and observation in Trabzon and Samsun. We also conducted a literature as well to access national and international statistics. Our findings show us that Türkiye’s Black Sea offer sufficient potential for cruise tourism, but international issues (e.g. the Russia-Ukraine crisis) as well as domestic issues (e.g. terror acts or infrastructural inadequacies) prevent that potential from being tapped. Hence, we feel that effort needs to be made in order to render the Black Sea safe for cruise lines. Other improvements that ought to be made concern the urban qualities, technical, and operational infrastructure required for cruise tourism in and around ports. The same goes for advertising and branding as well in order to cruise to the region.
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People benefit from various animals and plants to meet their food needs and pass on their experiences in this direction from generation to generation. Villagers sometimes feed on animals and plants they grow, and sometimes on plants and animals that exist spontaneously in nature. The people living in the village have done various studies to prevent hunger and ensure food security by diversifying food and developing storage methods. In this research, the food diversity situation between 1878-1960 in the villages of Oltu, Olur, Tortum, Uzundere, Narman and Şenkaya districts of Erzurum province was revealed. It focuses on the efforts to prevent hunger, which the villagers implement in their self-sufficient lives, away from the products produced in the city. The researcher determined the forms of preventing hunger and providing food security by making participant observations and in-depth interviews over a period of approximately five years (2016-2021). As a result of the research, it has been determined that hunger is prevented and food security is ensured by raising various animals and products, storing them, expanding agricultural lands, making use of edible weeds and wild animals, using water effectively, assuming social responsibilities, providing food for the disadvantaged and getting rid of dependence on others. On the other hand, solidarity and sharing are very important for the village community.
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Anecdotes are narratives that taking their subjects from life events, having a realistic character and saying a lot with few words. The main character of anecdotes is reality. Supernatural events and extraordinary events are not coincide in the anecdotes. Everything in the anecdotes is suitable to reasonable and logical. In the anecdotes, do not contain imaginary and fantastic elements and created based on tangibility, persons can be said that real people and real events. In this respect, character list of the anecdotes formed in different region of Denizli occur from real people. The determine real identities of anecdote people is possible. When they get rid of evident personality traits, they begin to turn into a type of anecdote. Thereby natural type of anecdote emerge from real persons. In the context, in the anecdotes which collecting from regions of Denizli, anecdote heroes with local type characteristics are come across. These people seen in local narratives are point out a problem that need to be evaluated, whether an anecdote type or an anecdote charecter. Considering that main characters mentioned have really lived, represent the public, knowledge in the region and humorous characteristics, it is discussed whether these people can be considered as anecdote type. Considering that though these people really lived, known in a very narrow area, stand out with individual characteristics, forgetten over time and limited number of anecdote text detected, it is seen that these people are anecdote heroes rather than an anecdote type. Differentiation of the people of Denizli region from traditional anecdote type and have a unique structure shows the necessity of examining this subject. At this point, considering the anecdotes of Denizli region, the people in the anecdotes should be discussed in this context. In this study, the anecdotes identified in the Denizli region will be evaluate, the heroes of these anecdotes will be examined within the contextual environment, it will be tried to clarify that they are characters or types. Thus the people with this feature will be determined in Turkish anecdote types.
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This paper encompasses observation of geological and geographical determinant of Northeastern Bosnia and changes that occurred during Neogene up until beginning of Holocene, when Tuzla basin have been flooded by the Paratetis (old sea). As a result, geological formations have developed from which salt formation is the most interesting one. There will be an analisys of Tetima, locality rich with ore of salt, situated further north from Gornja Tuzla where the spring of river Jala is, which carried halit (rocky salt) down the stream to the area where Neolithic settlement was built. From geographical aspect, territory of todays Gornja Tuzla is surrounded by the hills, so wider expansion was hardly possible, like it happened later in Donja Tuzla, that is today city of Tuzla. A logical question arises: why didn’t Gornja Tuzla happened ni Donja Tuzla, what has influenced neolithical population to inhabit this area?
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Sivas Ilbeyli Turkmens, a branch of the İlbeyli tribe, which is thought to be connected to the Bayat, Alkırevli (Alka-evli) and Afşa tribes, live in 42 villages located in the southwest of Sivas between Sivas Şarkışla and in the center of Sivas. The region called Ilbeyli region, where Sivas Ilbeyli Turkmen live, does not have an official status, but is a geography whose borders are determined by its cultural and demographic structure. Ilbeyi Turkmens, who made this geography their homeland, whose borders were drawn with discourses such as "Kavlak at the top, Yanalak at the bottom", continue to maintain their musical culture in the perspective of authenticity, as in all their cultural phenomena. The word "avaz" is used to express music in Sivas İlbeyli Turkmens. In this study, the concept of "avaz" used in the region has been explained, and the melodies known by the avaz source people in the region have been compiled and notated. It has been seen that laments and halays, which are in a dominant position in the local music culture, are more common than other forms, and since the volume of the study will exceed the limits of the article, restrictions have been made in the examples given. The study was carried out in order to make a structural and cultural analysis on the local music through field research. The study was carried out in the perspective of the discipline of Ethnomusicology, in order to culturally and formally examine and analyze the music, which is a musical representation of the collective memory of the Ilbeyli region, to create a scientific source and to reveal social and cultural perspective. With this study, while investigating İlbeyli music, the communities in Sivas Ilbeyli geography with Ilbeyli music culture were examined and their musical identities were tried to be revealed, conceptualized and a discourse on these musics was tried to be established. In this research, data collection techniques (observation, interview, recording, analysis and compilation) in "ethnographic research", which are among the qualitative methods, were used, and the relevant literature was searched for an in-depth investigation of İlbeyli music culture with literature review and historical research techniques.
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The Municipality of Varna and the Municipality of Nessebar are the flagships of tourism along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. The two municipalities are home to Bulgaria's largest seaside tourist resorts - resort complex. "Sunny Beach" and resort complex "Golden Sands". The two municipalities welcome and serve millions of tourists. The article aims to make a comparative description of the development of tourism in the two destinations over time according to basic indicators such as: number of bed-places in the accommodation establishments; number of tourists, number of nights spent, average stay of tourists, income from one tourist and income from one night spent.
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Dnipropetrovsk Region is situated in the steppe zone of Ukraine, in conditions of insufficient moisture. Forest vegetation covers only 5.1% of the region. Over 80% of the region’s area is used for agricultural purposes. A total of 281 species of ground beetles is known for the region, of which this article gives the data on biology and distribution of 82 species that need protection: Cephalota atrata, C. besseri, C. elegans, Cicindela maritima, C. soluta, Cylindera arenaria, Leistus terminatus, Notiophilus rufipes, Calosoma sycophanta, C. denticolle, C. investigator, Carabus stscheglowi, C. clathratus, C. excellens, C. hungaricus, C. besseri, C. estreicheri, C. sibiricus, Blethisa multipunctata, Elaphrus uliginosus, Scarites terricola, Dyschirius chalceus, Dyschirius obscurus, Blemus discus, Epaphius secalis, Bembidion ephippium, B. aspericolle, Pogonus cumanus, Pogonistes convexicollis, Patrobus atrorufus, Stomis pumicatus, Pedius inquinatus, Pterostichus chamaeleon, P. elongatus, P. macer, P. melas, Taphoxenus gigas, Laemostenus terricola, Agonum impressum, A. marginatum, A. monachum, A. sexpunctatum, A. viridicupreum, Olisthopus sturmii, Synuchus vivalis, Amara chaudoiri, A. crenata, A. equestris, A. fulva, A. sabulosa, Curtonotus convexiusсulus, Anisodastylus poeciloides, Diachromus germanus, Acupalpus interstitialis, A. suturalis, Stenolophus discophorus, Daptus vittatus, Harpalus cephalotes, H. dispar, H. hirtipes, Н. laeviceps, H. luteicornis, H. melancholicus, H. steveni, H. subcylindricus, Microderes brachypus, Ophonus diffinis, Dixus eremita, Panagaeus bipustulatus, Callistus lunatus, Dinodes decipiens, Chlaenius alutaceus, Ch. festivus, Licinus cassideus, Badister dorsiger, Masoreus wetterhalli, Lebia humeralis, Demetrias imperialis, Cymindis axillaris, Polystichus connexus, Brachinus ejaculans, B. hamatus, Mastax thermarum. To formalize the data on each species, the article provides characteristics of its ecological niche: thermal preferendum, hygro-preferendum, biotopical characteristic, biogeohorizon, trophic preferences, practical significance and protection measures. The main factors of decline in diversity of the fauna of ground beetles in Dnipropetrovsk Region are arable farming, chemical treatment of agricultural land, unregulated cattle grazing, recreational loading, large scale construction in floodplain areas.
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Review: Sub-Urbanism and the Art of Memory - Actar Publishers / Author: Sébastien Marot / Editor: Communications Studio / Size: 13,5 x 21 cm . / Pages: 88 / Illustrations: Black and White / Cover: Softcover Publication / Date: November 2021 / Published by: Architectural Association Publications / ISBN: English 9781999627782
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The paper present results of the investigations on the prehistoric sites in the vicinity of the city of Zenica conducted during 2018 and 2019. Based on the cooperation between the Austrian Archaeological Institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and City Museum of Zenica we applied geophysical prospection, air-borne laser scanning and excavations in order to get a better understanding of the Bronze and Iron Age developments in this specific part of the central Bosnia along the Bosna River. This research is emebeded within the project “Visualizing the unknown Balkans, supported by the Innovation Fond of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Apart from previously known and to smaller extent excavated hillfort Kopilo, our work also focused on the sites situated on the ridge above Gradišće in the northern part of the Zenica Basin. What appears to be indicative of this micro-region are high attitudes (600-900 m a.s.l.) of the identified Bronze and Iron Ages settlements in comparison to the situation in the neighboring valleys and basins of the central Bosnia. Such position provided mutual visual contact between the sites and an excellent control of the entry and exit from the Zenica Basin. Our work also brought evidences of prehistoric stone mounds on the ridge above Gradišče. The numerous archeological finds indicatate the importance and a long continuity of the hillforts such as Kopilo that obviuolsy lasted until the advanced La Téne Period.
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The author of this article recently published in the Godišnjak a short discussion, which provided chronological and contextual reinterpretation of a stone fragment with human face from the collection of the Franciscan Monastery of St. Anthony of Padua on Humac in Ljubuški (Hercegovina). It was argued that the fragment represents part of an image (idol) originally depicting early medieval old Slavic gods, most likely Veles or Perun. The article also discussed earlier published information and archaeological material from the region of Ljubuški, that further suggests presence of mythology and old Slavic beliefs in Herzegovina. On this occassion, when we celebrate 50th volume of one of the most respected and influential journals in a field in the Bosnia and Herzegovina, the enquiry will focus on neighbouring area of Mostar, where is also possible to find evidence that can be connected with the period of the Slav settlement and its aftermath.
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The Trebinje nobles Dragančići mark the history of the Trebinje region in the second half of the 14th and the first half of the 15th century. The author completes earlier contours of Mihailo Dinić’s approach with new indicators. Dragančići are located in the Trebinje settlements of Poljice and Kremeni Dol, in the southern parts of Travunija on the border with Konavle. Their seniors are Pavlovići, and from 1438, Kosače. They are in the rank of families Ljubibratić, Kobiljačić, Starčić, Krasomirić, Poznanović and Priljubović. With their vassals, they are engaged in cattle breeding, agriculture and trade, and in the 15th century they significantly participated in looting, contextualized by the general action of their seniors Pavlović and Kosač towards the people of Dubrovnik. Thanks to the preserved sources, more detailed observations are dedicated to the Pribatovićs (successors of Pribat Dragančić) and the Usinovićs (successors of Usin Brajanović Dragančić).
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Teutonic Ditch in the Area of the Wel and Wkra Rivers near Lidzbark. Confrontation of Old and New Historiography with Field Research. Every so often we witness a return of a hitherto unresolved topic about the hydraulic engineering works conducted by the Teutonic Knights in the vicinity of Lidzbark. There are several opinions concerning the location of and reasons for their endeavor. There is original documentation in Latin from the mid-14th century with a reference to the approximate location of the works. Subsequent information on this subject appeared at the end of the 19th century. On the basis of contemporary geological studies, the author tries to refute the thesis that the Teutonic Knights dug a trench from Cibórz to Lidzbark, thus connecting two rivers called Wel and Wkra.The presumed 14th-century construction is a watercourse from the Wel River in Bełk (below Cibórz) to Turza Mała and the Płośniczanka River. The Wel river was called Vcra (1260); Wykara (1303), Welle (1600), or Wkra (1945), while on the Henneberger map from 1600, the Płośniczanka river was called Wellefluss, and the changes in its course are most visible in the vicinity of the Koty village. Presumably there was a translation error: the Teutonic Knights made a ditch in the vicinity of Cibórz and released water to Lidzbark, which was interpreted as: ‘The Teutonic Knights made a ditch from Cibórz to Lidzbark’.Contemporary geological studies and maps exclude the possibility of connecting the Wel and Wkra rivers in the Middle Ages, while in the Holocene, there was a natural connection, the trace of which is the old riverbed called Martwica. The article describes the present physical state of the area in the Lubawa region.
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The article aims to present the multifaceted activity of Józef Żurowski (1892–1936), an archaeologist and conservator of prehistoric artefacts in Małopolska. The study relies on extensive archival material and Żurowski’s numerous publications. In the years 1920–1936, he was the conservator of the Krakow region and later the West Małopolska region, acting successively on behalf of the State Group of Prehistoric Monuments Conservators and the State Archaeological Museum in Warsaw. Żurowski’s most outstanding achievements include carrying out the first excavations in the banded flint mine in Krzemionki, conducting research on multicultural sites in Złota, supervising the digging of the monumental Krakus Mound, discovering and interpreting the first burials of the Bell Beaker culture in Poland, as well as examining many early medieval cemeteries. As a conservator, he not only inventoried and excavated many archaeological sites – such as numerous strongholds, barrows, and the caves of the Ojców Jura – but also ensured their protection and preservation. Józef Żurowski died prematurely at 45, yet he is one of the most distinguished Polish archaeologists of the Second Polish Republic.
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This article is a part of a large study of the linguistic and geographical features of Serbian vocabulary, carried out by the author of this article on the basis of dialect questionnaire materials specially collected for this purpose in 2019-2021. In order to identify the arealogical characteristics of Serbian vocabulary and identify isoglosses passing through the territory of Serbian dialects, in conversations with dialect speakers from various regions of Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro, and in some cases personally by dialect speakers, questionnaires were filled out based on lexical questions of the Serbo-Croatian Dialect Atlas. The article describes the lexical features of the dialects of two settlements located in southeastern Herzegovina – Ljubinje and Djedići (In addition to the Herzegovina villages described in the work, material from another 20 Serbian settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, as well as several Croatian ones, is involved in the analysis.). The article highlights the following characteristics of Southeast Herzegoviаn vocabulary: 1) the preservation of Proto-Slavic archaisms, characteristic of the peripheral areas of the Central Slavic area; 2) the use of words characteristic of the west of the Central Slavic area and uncharacteristic of its eastern part; 3) the use of words characteristic of the regions near the Adriatic coast; 4) the widespread use of lexical doublets, namely the use of words with different areal characteristics in the dialect. Based on the comparison of questionnaires from Ljubinje and Djedići with questionnaires from other researched points, we can distinguish several types of areas, which include south-eastern Herzegovina. 1) the south-western area; 2) the east Herzegovian area: unity with the dialect of the village of Mosorovići; 3) the western area; 4) the peripheral (in the broad sense of the word, including the dialects west of Drina and the dialects of (south) eastern Serbia); 5) Bosnian-Slavonian 6) eastern (uniting the dialects of eastern Herzegovina, Bosnia and Serbia). Typical, however, is the case of overlapping, or interference, of the western and eastern or central and peripheral areas.
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Via Magna, is a road mentioned by a grant from the 13th century, as communication that connects the cities of Varaždin and Križevci via Kozji Hrbet. Due to the attribute of the Magna, most authors assume its possible ancient origin, which so far has not been possible to concretely investigate based on material remains of the route itself, nor based on historical sources, due to lack of them. Therefore, to gain new scientific knowledge about this road and its route, ie to investigate the presumed ancient origin, we concentrated on 3 essential points the Via Magna route connected; Varaždin, Kozji Hrbet, and Križevci, by focusing on spatial analysis of their geo-traffic potential in optimal connectivity of space. Namely, the paper is based on the assumption that this medieval road layered the earlier Roman road route due to its exceptional importance according to it’s name. Because of that, it is assumed that 3 essential points would be connected by an optimal corridor according to the principles of Roman practicalism, which enabled the most economical (preferably straight) connection, marking important points in space (ancient settlements), while enabling traffic even on the hilly section of the route (Kalnik; Kozji Hrbet), as important characteristics of Roman roads whose transport potential could be inherited in the Middle Ages, and therefore named Magna. Therefore, in lowland areas, we assumed the use of straight, linear tracing between key points, while in the context of tracing mountainous areas, we assumed that the optimal slope of the terrain played the most important role in the tracing strategy. To investigate the previous assumptions, we used a geographic information system as a tool, within which we mapped available data relevant to the subject communication and then spatially analyzed it, based on digital relief models. In doing so, we applied the so-called Least Cost Path analysis, for calculating optimal routes in mountainous areas, and the points to path method, to determine the potential of linear connectivity in the lowland area, between key points. The results of this research show that the optimal route between Varaždin and Križevci marks the Roman period sites, which supports the presumption that the Romans constructed and used it, while Kozji Hrbet shows qualities of the key mountain pass for tracing the optimal road from Varaždin to Križevci that can be crossed with animal carriages. Also, the previously assumed, in a geo-traffic and geostrategic sense, significant position of the ancient Aquae Iasae, in this research is exactly confirmed and marked. Based on the generated data, we, therefore, proposed the route of the Via Magna road, and thus the "archaeological corridor" within which it is most realistic to expect possible material remains of this medieval road in the future, which we can say illustrates the presumed ancient origin according to all the given parameters.
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