Okrągły Stół Filozofów Krajów Słowiańskich (23 IX 2014)
Круглый Стол Философов Славянских Стран (23 IX 2014)
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Круглый Стол Философов Славянских Стран (23 IX 2014)
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P. U. ‒ Leonid Aleksejevič Suyarko u posjetu zagrebačkom Sveučilištu; Branko Polić ‒ Simpozij o hrvatskoj filozofiji; A. P. ‒ Simpozij o Ujedinjenim narodima i krizi na Bliskom istoku i Jugoistočnoj Aziji.
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In an evolutionist theory like that of Darwin, animal pleasure has a properly vital function in directing animals toward pleasant behaviors which also happen to be advantageous. The best example of this is probably sexual pleasure which contributes to the survival of species. Aristotelian fixism does not need such an analysis since Nature has provided living beings with an innate tendency to reproduce and pleasure cannot have an adaptative function, because adaptation is given to animals once and for all and cannot improve. The idea that pleasure induces an animal to adopt some useful behavior by trials and errors is unacceptable to Aristotle. Animals, on the other hand, being deprived of the perception of the good and the beautiful because they do not partake in reason, do not get pleasure from things in the world but in a coincidental way: the odor of the hare is pleasant to the dog because it is associated, in the dog’s perception, to the fact that dogs do eat hares. Far from being pleasant by itself, the odor of the hare is not attractive at all for a fed up dog. It remains for pleasure to be the sign of the good functioning of the organism, that is an hymn to the perfection of Nature.
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This paper focuses on the interplay between criticism of Eurocentrism inphilosophical historiography and patriotic discourse in the history of philosophy,both of which emerged in the Soviet context in the late 1940s.The examples and the specific analysis are related to the interpretation ofArabic, or Islamic, philosophy and its connection with the development ofthe national histories of philosophy of the individual Soviet nations.
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This paper illustrates fragments of the pre-Miltonian history of ‘the liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely’ in two of its key (even if not directly interrelated) thematic aspects: the protection of human dignity as a counterpoint to the absolutely unlimited freedom of speech – in the context of Thomas Aquinas’ (1224/5–1274) discussion of verbal injuries; and the inviolability of personal freedom of thought and expression – in the context of Johannes Reuchlin’s (1455–1522) defence of Jewish writings. On that basis, the paper finally attempts to outline the significance which the views of authors such as Aquinas and Reuchlin may have in a broader cultural and historical context.
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The paper discusses the possibility of forming new time-induced planetary-cosmic worldview attitudes of the man of the future by means of philosophy and through the system of higher education. It confirms a special mission of philosophy of education in forming the man of tomorrow and shows that it develops in the field of social philosophy and, making a comprehensive and interdisciplinary study of educational processes, effectively combines social science with pedagogy. The attention is focused on the fact that it is the philosophy of education that can target and fill the content of pedagogy with new knowledge, methods, techniques which, thanks to the latest teaching and educational approaches, will be implemented in the practice of forming the spiritual world of qualitatively new, modern generations. Based on a comprehensive approach to the educational process at universities, the study investigates the essence and mechanisms of a mind-setting function of philosophical knowledge that can provide successful training of responsible, creative, active young people to preserve the civilization on a planetary-cosmic scale. It elaborates conceptual and methodological approaches to the formation of the world outlook of specialists by means of philosophy as the basis for the pragmatist-instrumentalist concept of philosophy of education, the essence of which is using philosophical knowledge as a tool of pragmatic ideological guidance on social and educational results: moulding the man of the future capable of ensuring the survival of civilization and humanity. The paper substantiates the content of philosophical knowledge in higher education which should naturally be consistent with the field and subject of study of future specialists since philosophical disciplines are still (at Ukrainian universities as well) often taught using outdated teaching practices: in a formal way without the necessary convergence of technical or natural sciences and humanitarian knowledge, humanization and humanitarization of higher education on the whole being the context and precondition of such convergence. Based on the analysis of the theory and practice of educational process in higher education, the article outlines the semantic content of philosophical knowledge that may include the philosophy of nature, anthropo-cosmism and philosophical energetics, as well as other components of philosophical knowledge, which significantly contribute to the development of axiological potential of the man of the future.
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The present research considers two Global problems of the humanity: intercivilizational contradictions and the pandemic of abortion as serious conflicts, the solution of which depends on the relevant public educational policies. The tension in the relationship between the Islamic World and the West, caused by the so-called “caricature scandal”, encourages to understanding the conflict and the ways of its solution. There is also the problem of massive numbers of abortions in the world that requires a scientific analysis and relevant conclusions. The research revealed that both sides of intercivilizational conflicts are responsible for it. The freedom of speech as an ingredient of democracy cannot exist only for itself. It should be based on the human values, including respect for other nations, religions, cultures, as well as the protection of human life. The second part of the research concerns the pandemic of abortion. Based on the achievements of modern embryology, sociology and bioethics, four levels of this conflict were defined. The first level is a conflict concerning the life of the unborn child. The second one is a conflict concerning a mother. The third one is a conflict with the nation. The fourth one is a conflict with God. On these issues, the survey was conducted among the first year medical students at Ternopil State Medical University. It was also concluded that it would have been useful to present the model of state policy aimed to prevent conflicts between civilizations, as well as the pandemic of abortion to the students. This policy should include: information policy (promotion of the idea that human life is the highest value, and human relationships should be based on the principles of tolerance); education policy (education in today’s youth of the culture of interpersonal relationships based on honesty, responsibility); social policy (creation of the material conditions for young families, single mothers); policy in the health sector (providing high quality medical services, maternal and child health); policy in the sphere of law (the adoption of laws that will protect the lives of unborn children).
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The subject of research is the perception of human dimension as the anthropological aspect of humanistic management, based on the interrelations between man, government, society. The paper describes the evolution of views on man in the context of anthropological foundations of humanistic management; it is noted that the development trends of the philosophical and anthropological knowledge of humanistic management are based on human perception in the projection of anthropological dimensions of man, which is fundamental in European philosophy. The paper analyzes the essence of human dimension as anthropological paradigm of humanistic management, in which man is not only economic, or political, but also the spiritual and cultural member of society; gives the analysis of human dimension as anthropological paradigm of European philosophy that investigates the anthropological foundations of economic, political and social spheres, interprets conditions of creating a humane society, in which the imperatives of a just society should be implemented. Characteristics and features, as well as the conditions for achieving human dimension as the anthropological foundation of European humanistic management are disclosed. The acquired knowledge can be useful for solving anthropological problems of humanistic management.
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