International Conference on Communication Styles 3
The article is a short report about International Conference on Communication Styles 3, which was organised in High State College in Krosno in 2017.
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The article is a short report about International Conference on Communication Styles 3, which was organised in High State College in Krosno in 2017.
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The article examines the dynamics and change of the contemporary public sphere caused by the emergence of digital media and their transformative impact on social life and communicative professions. For this purpose the stages in Jürgen Habermas's theory of the public sphere are traced, and, the main concepts in his two main works, dedicated to the classical public sphere (1962) and the one formed under the influence of digital media (2022), are analysed. The authors examine importance of this transformation on the democratic process, the platformization of the media and its influence in modern society, as well as the problems of technology in the field of social networks. The article undertakes an attempt to build a theoretical framework for explaining the development of the contemporary public sphere in the conditions of accelerated change in communication technologies.
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It is becoming increasingly clear that emotions play a crucial role in voting decisions. This is especially true when it comes to choosing populist parties. This article uses a unique dataset to analyse the interplay between emotions and support for various types of populist parties in Slovakia. It contributes to the discourse by testing the competing hypotheses on what kinds of emotions matter in a post-communist country with multiple types of populist parties. Our results show that although previous studies have tended to concentrate on emotions toward the political or economic situation, feelings toward political leaders actually have greater importance, at least in the Slovak, post-communist context. Our study also indicates that the types of emotions differ depending on whether the populist party has already been in power or not. Contrary to expectations, fear has played a more important role than anger and in general, emotions are more important for rightwing and leftwing populist parties than for non-populist or centrist populist parties.
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This article uses semiotics to study two audiovisual spots produced by populist political actors (Marine Le Pen, in France, and Unidas Podemos, in Spain) with the purpose of unveiling the multimodal discursive strategies they use. The analysis presented in the article focuses on the auditive dimension and studies how Le Pen and Unidas Podemos use orchestral music as a semiotic resource for meaning- and sense-making. The analysis proposes that the use these two political actors do of orchestral music in the analyzed spots is not random, but strategic. Moreover, it is argued that these strategic uses are aligned with recent scholarship on right- and left-wing populism: while – an example of right-wing populism – Le Pen draws on a discursive strategy aimed at provoking emotions like fear and anxiety based on exclusion, Unidas Podemos – an example of left-wing populism – uses one aimed at conveying the emotions of hope and possibility of change based on inclusion.
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The article examines the role occupied by nostalgia as a group-based emotion in shaping the ‘micro-politics’ of the radical right parties. The paper argues that the high ideological eclecticism of RRP is primarily due to the strategies deployed in the weaponization of the past. As a discursive strategy, nostalgia substantially conditions party appeals well beyond the symbolic and mythological references, contaminating broader policy-oriented assertions. The study is focused on two paired examples of ultranationalist parliamentary parties: the Greater Romanian Party and the Alliance for the Union of Romanians. Content analysis of primary and secondary sources emphasizes that despite a 30-year time gap, the two Romanian RRP showcase remarkably high levels of programmatic and discourse overlap due to nostalgia-based strategies of boosting nationalist identities.crucial.
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Populism and the post-truth: two concepts often used simultaneously or interchangeably to explain current developments in contemporary politics, yet the demarcation line between them remains blurry. Building on definitions of populism that describe it as a style of political communication, ‘post-truth populism’ can be regarded as a specific type of populist communication which shares the characteristics of post-truth politics. How the two phenomena intertwine, and how the aesthetic transformation of the public sphere and the rise of social media had a role in their appearance will be discussed. The theoretical framework is illustrated by two cases during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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In this ethnographic study, I describe daily life at Home Z, an asylum for 100 residents. I explore the tensions between the inclusive orientation of social services and the system of the total institution. Based on actor-network theory and on Goffman’s model of the total institution, I develop a methodological tool of semi-permeable socio-material thresholds in order to investigate the question of residents’ connectivity with people, things, and places beyond the authority of the institution. In so doing, as I aim for a deeper understanding of the formation of specific institutional spaces, I discover that Home Z's residents are living on an island that is kept continuously separated from the sea of wider society.
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Onondaga Lake, located in what is now Central New York, is the sacred place of the founding of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy. It is where the Peacemaker paddled his stone canoe and established the Great Law of Peace that has stood for centuries. In 1654 Simon Le Moyne, S. J. arrived on the shores of Onondaga Lake. In 1656 the French government, in accordance with the Christian Doctrine of Discovery, granted the Jesuits rights to the lake and the surrounding land, much prized for its abundant salt springs. They built a mission to lay claim to both the land and the souls who occupied it. It is this moment that sets off the contest for control of the lake and the history. The lake remains the sacred center of the Confederacy, which has survived despite attempts to eradicate it. The future of both is dependent on the recognition of its sacred status by those who have seen the lake as a source of profit and power as well as a convenient dumping ground. This is the story of that struggle.
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Intricately concocted temples—seemingly historically accurate down to the pixel—flash across the gamer’s screen, as the player-conquistador re-creates the downfall of the so-called “Aztec Empire,” circa 1521, a keyboard at hand instead of a cutlass. Playing the Spanish Conquest has never been easier or more exciting for the victor. Today’s recreational sundering of Indigenous-American sacred spaces and cultural monuments repeats disturbing patterns in colonialism and cultural imperialism from the Early Modern past (Carpenter 2021; Ford 2016; Mukherjee 2017). What are the lessons gamers learn by reducing digitized Mesoamerican temples, such as the grand teocalli of Tenochtitlan, to rubble? This article explores sacred landscapes, archaeology, and art relating to acts of conquest and sixteenth-century Spanish invasion of Mesoamerica. This study of Mesoamerican sacred environments supports my interpretation that careless approaches to early-modern contexts and virtual geographies created by game designers reduce the presence of Mesoamerican place-identity. I highlight empire-building games based on historical events and situate gaming experiences, old and new, as interventions in sacred architecture. The study draws in ethnospatial considerations of settings and ornamentation to furthering the recent Game Studies critiques on cartographies, narratologies, and play mechanics, here focusing on the geo-spiritual components of playing out aspects of Mesoamerica’s encounters with Spanish military and cultural conflict (Lammes et al. 2018). I reveal the importance of place attachment, ethnohistory, and archaeology in making more meaningful experiences and argue that current art history-adjacent gaming agendas create fun and profit at the expense of iconic structures of Mexico’s heritage, such as the Postclassic single- and double-topped teocalli (temple-pyramids). The final thoughts call for increased interventions from scholars upon developer-player negative feedback loops that repurpose inaccurate mythos from historiography of the “Spiritual Conquest” paradigm.
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The presented text is a basic input to the theoretical understanding of action art oriented to selected periods of human development (adulthood and senior age). The author describes the action plein air as a possibility of action creation with the generation of specific themes: homeostasis, evil, meaning. The aforementioned themes are the basis for solving life situations through action creation as a possible saturation of the actual needs or demands of a person in the period of adulthood and/or in the elderly age.
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In this paper, we present exploratory findings regarding the interest activities in selected kindergartens. The results of the monitoring show that interest activities in kindergartens are relatively low and implemented by external kindergarten staff. Often it is questionable whether the leisure time activities are leisure activities or educational activities.
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The paper discusses the issue of symbol and concept in visual communication concentrating on the processual act in works of art. The authors focus on conceptual art as a source of inspiration for artistic activities in informal space. They highlight the interaction of teacher and pupils in collective creation. The content perspective approaches art education through the creative manipulation of magnetic sculpture, where idea and signification are key. This paper presents an example of reflection on model art teaching practice in a primary art school.
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The paper offers a psychological and pedagogical analysis of the process of forming activity and behavior. It is considered as a process in which connecting and determining conditions view children as subjects of their behavior and activity and the formed levels of their cognitive development. The psychological prerequisites are emphasized in the analysis and they are mostly related to thinking, and the task problem and the goal of the activity are viewed as a basic pedagogical tool.
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The article is devoted to the use of online space in the framework of social counseling, supervision and psychotherapy. The introductory part is dedicated to defining social counseling, supervision and psychotherapy. Further, ethics, digital technologies, and challenges are described, which are more specifically specified in the online space. In addition, the article describes some of the advantages of using the online space, as well as several websites that provide contacts for psychotherapists and supervisors.
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The article discusses the problem of social reintegration of prisoners, which — despite being repetedly raised in therelevant literature — remains to be a point of issue. In the light of a recent survey by the Polish Public Opinion Research Centre,former convicts are seen by the Polish society among groups most at risk of social exclusion. In turn, a report on convicted adultsby the Ministry of Justice of 2020 shows that many ex-convicts return to crime in the first year after being released, whichnegatively affects the internal security of our country. This encourages one to rethink social reintegration of convicts and to searchfor additional arguments in favour of extending special support to them. Although the existing legislation allows for unlimitedapplication of the principle of individualised assistance for social readaptation of convicts, the circle of persons who can ingagein social readaptation of inmates during their imprisonment is strictly limited. Excluding from this circle all persons validlyconvicted of intentional offences is unjustified and downright unlawful, being contrary to higher-order legal acts. An analysisof the applicable law shows that the constitution itself contains arguments for not treating this group differently from otherindividuals most at risk of social exclusion. A review of lower-order legal acts points out that following Poland’s accession to theEU there appeared new measures and additional reasons, different from those traditionally identified in the doctrine of executivecriminal law, to invest in any human capital in need of support, including prisoners
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Post-communist countries’ processes on their way to the European Union (EU) have extensively proceeded simultaneously with their transition from communism to democracy. The regime change led to a process of “coming to terms with the past” in the sense that these countries took transitional justice measures for the crimes and practices of the former authoritarian regimes. In this regard, Albania is a case worth considering as a part of the current EU enlargement agenda. As a country that was not involved in the ethnic wars between the former Yugoslavian countries, Albania experienced a different historical pace of a communist past with its peculiarities. This article mainly aims to analyse Albania’s coming to terms with its communist past and thus the transitional justice measures implemented in its EU process. The main argument of the article is twofold: First, EU impact was limited when Albania started its transitional justice period in the 1990s. This was due to the fact that progress in the EU process of Albania in terms of EU candidacy was enhanced in the 2000s and the impact of the strict EU conditionality became evident in these years as well. Secondly, the current international circumstances, in which the rivalry between Russia as well as China, and the West is at its peak in the so-called Western Balkans region, could allow Albania to be more closely aligned with the EU, which in turn may provide the necessary conditions for deeper reforms to come to terms with its past.
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The article focuses on the issues of paleontology, the science of plant fossils, with particular emphasis on paleobotanical threads devoted to fossil vegetation, which in the 19th century was closely related to philology, represented both by the science of literature and language. The author extracts the notions of “fossil literature” (Adam Mickiewicz) and “fossil poetry” (Ralph Waldo Emerson), pointing to their particular relationship with “paleobotany of the unconscious” (Kazimierz Wyka), presented from the psychoanalytic perspective (Eduard von Hartmann, Carl Gustav Jung, Charles Baudouin) as an archetype of collective, interspecies memory, reaching back to some common ancestor and root cause reminding us of the eternal coexistence of the organic and the inorganic, plant and animal, human and non-human. The author also draws attention to the ecological and ecocritical aspects of the fossil literature, which he perceives as the trace fossils of human life activity (ichnofossils), which make up the meta-layer of the Anthropocene.The article focuses on the issues of paleontology, the science of plant fossils, with particular emphasis on paleobotanical threads devoted to fossil vegetation, which in the 19th century was closely related to philology, represented both by the science of literature and language. The author extracts the notions of “fossil literature” (Adam Mickiewicz) and “fossil poetry” (Ralph Waldo Emerson), pointing to their particular relationship with “paleobotany of the unconscious” (Kazimierz Wyka), presented from the psychoanalytic perspective (Eduard von Hartmann, Carl Gustav Jung, Charles Baudouin) as an archetype of collective, interspecies memory, reaching back to some common ancestor and root cause reminding us of the eternal coexistence of the organic and the inorganic, plant and animal, human and non-human. The author also draws attention to the ecological and ecocritical aspects of the fossil literature, which he perceives as the trace fossils of human life activity (ichnofossils), which make up the meta-layer of the Anthropocene.
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The article discusses the entanglement of antisemitism and animal protection movement on the basis of the professional press of German veterinarians, animal protectionists, and meat producers from 1919 until 1939. The focal point is the question of shehitah. The article shows to what extent this question was a part of a general debate on the slaughter reform and the development of new stunning methods. Not surprisingly, most of the articles in the analyzed press were in favor of the introduction of the stunning obligation before the slaughter, which was from the Jewish perspective equal to the ban of shehitah. The article differentiates between the arguments of the majority of proponents of the obligation and those of their radical antisemitic colleagues. It argues that the animal protection movement in its majority cannot be described as racist or as a natural partner of national socialists, for only some representatives of it, such as Max Müller or Rudolf Einhauser from Munich, displayed a clear antisemitic rhetoric.
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In spring 1925 four journalists representing four different newspapers printed in Poland (in Polish) travelled to Eretz Israel to report on the ceremonies of opening the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Jakub Appenszlak (Nasz Przegląd), Bernard Zimmermann (Nowy Dziennik), and Leon Weinstock (Chwila) were Polish Jews and supporters of Zionism. Janusz Makarczyk (Kurier Warszawski) was a Pole working for a right-wing Polish daily. As reporters they witnessed the opening of the University and also visited other places like Tel Aviv and some agricultural settlements. They sent their reports to Poland. The reports represent a unique view on the development of Jewish Palestine in the mid-1920s.
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The United Arab Emirates are considered the largest recipient of labour migration in the world, as the share of immigrants is 90% of the total population or about 8 million people. But the UAE maintains an immigration policy to attract temporary workers, and citizenship is not granted even to children born there to non-citizen parents. According to unofficial data, about 5,000-6,000 Bulgarians live in the UAE – in Dubai and Abu Dhabi. At the beginning of the 21st century, many aviators came – pilots and flight attendants in the two largest airlines of the UAE – Emirates and Etihad. At the moment, some of the oldest migrants have been there for about 18-20 years and work in the field of sports and arts, mainly music. In the article, the authors tell the stories of three women who used to work as flight attendants at Emirates, and today they are among the pillars of the Bulgarian communities in Dubai and Abu Dhabi. In recent years, for various reasons, they have chosen not to return to Bulgaria, but are actively involved in presenting Bulgaria abroad and building Bulgarian migrant communities. The research is based on semi-structured interviews conducted in February 2022 with the respondents in connection with their function for the consolidation of the Bulgarian communities.
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