Variants of Identity – Identity in Change
Erzsébet Dani: Identitásgyarmatosítás Erdélyben. Identitásdrámák és interkulturális stratégiák a Trianon utáni székelymagyar irodalomban
More...We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Erzsébet Dani: Identitásgyarmatosítás Erdélyben. Identitásdrámák és interkulturális stratégiák a Trianon utáni székelymagyar irodalomban
More...
The acquisition of linguo-cultural competence in foreign language learning has its share in the overall process of acquiring the language. In the inter-language contact situation, the speaker has to overcome not only the language but also the cultural barrier. The present paper examines the acquisition of greetings by Hungarian native speakers in the process of learning Bulgarian language, as a result of acquiring linguo-cultural competence. The question of the nation-specific aspect of the communicative act carries an important role in foreign language acquisition, undoubtedly due to the fact that it reveals language-specific features. Furthermore, the “strangeness” of the foreign language seems to be best demonstrated within the frames of a typological analysis of the two – native and foreign – languages.
More...
The work examines the most recent English borrowings in Hungarian, and it focuses on their morphophonological integration. By analysing the re-adjustment (if any) that they undergo in order to fit in the phonotactic requirements of Hungarian, it is revealed that the language employs a specific adaptation strategy. The aim is to show that by not obeying certain phonological laws in the process of perception and adapting the newly arrived loanwords, in fact, Hungarian demonstrates a tendency to mark these lexical items as foreign.
More...
The article argues that lexical borrowing is not only motivated by cultural factors linked to prestige or economical aspects but also by the speakers’ need for new lexical-semantic categories and for highly expressive metaphorical terms to operate with, which makes them borrow words. The semantic changes of the lexical borrowings point to the creation of new items in the semantic fields of the receiving language. The integration of borrowings into Hungarian and Romanian exemplifies these processes.
More...
The article presents a study on the role of journalistic translation (press translation) in translation teaching using a questionnaire in November-December 2016 on a sample of 52 translation teachers. The aim of the survey was to find out the role of journalistic translation in translation teaching in Hungary and three neighbouring countries: Croatia, Romania and Slovakia. The importance of the survey lies in the fact that no research has been published so far on this topic in Hungary, and only minor research has been done on the topic of journalistic translation itself (primarily limited to the field of text linguistics).Despite these facts, the study has revealed the importance of journalistic translation in the teaching of translation: more than 85% of the teachers surveyed use press texts in teaching due to different motivations, and nearly 50% of respondents use them during the entire period of translation education. The inclusion of journalistic translation in the teaching of translation is also confirmed and justified by the fact that more than 80% of those surveyed consider the subject to be relevant for the students’ future work as a translator due to the wide range of application areas of journalistic translation.
More...
The idea that in foreign language classes the use of L1 can be beneficial for students is gaining ground in foreign language teaching methodology. Translanguaging is a relatively newly coined term that is often used to refer both to the process of switching between two languages and the methodology that lies behind it. After presenting the main characteristics of translanguaging and the possibility of implementing it as a pedagogical method in English language classrooms, the paper presents a translanguaging activity and also shows how the students evaluated their participation in this practice. The paper concludes that in order to employ translanguaging practices in the classroom, it is necessary to adopt a new mindset to teaching that allows for multiple language use in class and also encourages language learners to embrace their entire linguistic potential.
More...
Translators and language teachers are cultural and intercultural mediators, facilitators of intercultural transfers and border crossings between cultures. The abilities to understand, interpret, and produce written texts appropriately play an essential role in these professions. In the process of translation, source-language texts have to be understood and translated using the most appropriate target-language equivalents. Reading skills and awareness of reading strategies are equally essential for language teachers, who are expected to guide language learners in developing these skills. In this study, we intend to examine the reading habits and reading strategies used by a group of Hungarian translator and teacher trainees when dealing with texts written in English. Their reading comprehension performance will be assessed with a test and compared with their ability to translate English texts into Hungarian. Based on the literature and our personal experience in language teaching, teacher training, and translator training, we assume that students preparing for the above mentioned professions have a well-developed reading strategy awareness and that their reading comprehension skills in English strongly influence the ability to translate texts into their native language.
More...
When researchers write academic journal abstracts, they need to meet the requirements of the publisher, which may very well mean that they need to be aware of “the meaning and functions of borders” within which their work is presented in this type of academic text. This paper reports on an investigation of the use of vague language (VL) and IMRaD moves (Introduction, Method, Results, and Discussion) showing the degree of informativeness of academic journal abstracts published in the “Bulletin of Transilvania University” of Brașov between 2010 and 2017. The areas of research these articles focus on range from linguistics and literature to business studies, medicine, and engineering. The analysis of the data, based on Cutting’s (2012) analytical framework, revealed that abstract authors use vague language (e.g.: “universal general nouns” and “research general nouns”) and that their abstracts mostly consist of introduction, method, and discussion moves. Results of similar research into the writing of article abstracts may be informative for both novice academic text writers and expert writers guiding their work.
More...
In line with the principle of technological determinism, the linguistic context of computer games influences the (linguistic) behaviour of millions of active gamers. This makes it important to explore gamer communication thoroughly with respect to politeness, too. Indeed, the communication of gamers during games may also affect the users’ offgame communicative situations. The international literature suggests that the quasi-anonymity of online communication and the lack or weakness of sanction make it ruder than offline communication: it involves a higher number of insults or offensive personal remarks. The paper looks at this issue, in particular by a pragmatic – politeness-centred – investigation of a particular kind of online insults. The corpus of analysis is provided by “taunts”, i.e. inbuilt instructions triggering “mocking” remarks of League of Legends (LoL), a multiple-participant online arena game. The authors interpret in-game insults in the framework of speech act theory, the Cooperative Principle (conversational and politeness maxims), face threatening, and a matrix of aims and functions. The paper wishes to be a contribution to cyberpragmatics, a pragmatically-oriented branch of Internet linguistics.
More...
The paper presents the results of a research project that aimed to identify the explicit and implicit language ideologies of a group of Hungarian interpreters from Transylvania or of Transylvanian origin, now living and working in Romania and in Hungary. During the online focus group meetings, the participants reflected on their own professional and linguistic practices and experiences, talking about their stories of individual language socialization and providing detailed career narratives. The study seeks to identify the interpreters’ explicit and implicit language ideologies in the context of their working languages, their attitudes towards these languages, towards the standard and the non-standard varieties, as well as their experiences connected to these languages in the light of the quality assurance expectations formulated regarding their activities as professional language service providers.
More...
The growing popularity of streaming services has led to innumerable audiovisual material available for the audience. As movies, documentaries, or TV shows are part of the entertainment industry, they aim at reaching viewers worldwide with the help of dubbed and subtitled versions. Our aim is to collect the acronyms used in the transcripts/subtitles of several American political TV shows (24, Designated Survivor, House of Cards, and The West Wing) and analyse their translated versions into Hungarian. However, the strenuous activity of opening each subtitle file one by one and browsing through them to spot and collect the acronyms and initialisms would result in countless mouse clicks. Hence, a specific software (SRT Manager) was designed to speed up the process. As the majority of definitions regarding acronyms and initialisms focus on the fact that they result from the combination of at least two capital letters, once the software gets the input (multiple subtitle files of entire seasons), it provides all the consecutive two- or more capital letter instances (with or without periods) found in the raw data, such as AA or A.A. Further statistical data (the source file of each instance, counting all unique values and numbering occurrences, and adding sample lines from the subtitle) also saves a lot of time and energy, as it can easily be exported to spreadsheet programs for further data analysis.
More...
In the context of the external socio-cultural conditions in which the educational process takes place, adaptability, creativity and the ability to solve problems are often considered to be far more valuable qualities than the accumulated knowledge in a given field. To develop these qualities in adolescents, teachers need to develop different strategies to engage and hold the attention of the world's young people. One of the interactive techniques that ensure the active participation of children in the learning process is the game. The article offers a practical methodological idea for applying a similar method to Bulgarian language classes in the fifth grade and draws conclusions based on the observations made.
More...
Despite their efficiency and their – practically – mandatory use in political campaigns, slogans are a largely under-researched area of political discourse. This paper focuses on political slogans and investigates them from a cognitive perspective. It aims to provide a description of the conceptual structure underlying political slogans, which could also serve as a stepping stone for further investigations of their ‘witty’, ‘catchy’, and ‘quot- able’ character. The paper demonstrates that the conceptual elements in the scenario prototypically employed in political slogans are the ones of leader, people being led, a social issue/ a solution to a social issue/ a goal, time, and space. The analysis demonstrates how these scenario elements function prototypically. This hypothesized conceptual structure is tested against a dataset specifically compiled for the present purposes. The dataset includes 25 slogans used within UK and USA political contexts over the last 70 years. The analysis conducted is qualitative.
More...
The summary is dedicated to the recently published monography "Zagreb Stylistic School" by Dubravka Oraić Tolić. The academic writes about the golden age of Croatian literary science related to the establishment and work of the Zagreb Stylistic School, which emerged in the 1950s. Following the "rise and fall" of the School, she discusses the institutions founded by the School, its types and methods of work, and especially the contribution of its founders and followers (Škreb, Flaker, Frangeš, and Žmegač). Oraić Tolić successfully presents to the modern reader the social and political context in which the School grew and built its national identity. In this respect, she is inspiring in contemplating the dissemination of knowledge in the field of national identification, the principles and boundaries of text analysis, the declarative program (paradigms of approach to literary works), and deviations.
More...
The study attempts to explore how the native is interpreted in poetry and prose for children and in the illustrations to them in a selected anniversary of the magazine "Children's Joy" (1933-1934). The aim is to show the connection between a literary text and a visual expression of the idea of the native, which is not limited to the narrow national framework, but also passes into the universal meaning. The study aims delineate the significant role of periodicals for children in the communication process verbal and fine arts.
More...
This research focuses on the topic of Korean speech style shifts from polite to casual between men and women in romantic relationships. This study used data from the Korean reality TV show "We Got Married", which was broadcast in Korea for 9 years. After reviewing the system of Korean speech styles and manners of shifts, the study explores who is the first one to offer a shift, what they say, and how an offer is given. According to the analysis, older people were more likely to offer shifts first in the case of romantic relationships. In the TV show, older women tended to offer first a little more through indirect means, while older men offered rather directly. As for expressions used in the offers, the phrase ‘drop the honorifics’ and ‘talk comfortably’ were the most frequently used. They might offer in either polite or casual language, with sudden shifts. However, it was more common for speakers to offer shifts while talking in polite language. During conversations, two types of offers were observed: symmetrical shifts and asymmetrical shifts. In the first type, one speaker suggests shifts from both sides. The second type has more variations: one speaker requests the other’s permission to use casual language, allows the other to use casual language, or shows the speaker’s decision to use casual language. In the samples, symmetrical shifts occurred more often.
More...
This article will concentrate on three major topics. The first one will be connected with the idea of globalization and universalism in relation to national cultural and literary canons. The second one will discuss the possibility of how the national language and literature can stay authentic and universal, that how it can remain simultaneously appreciated as a work of difference and an artefact of universal value. This calls for the introduction of the main topic which is the realm of translation, especially translation understood as a trans-creation, that is the re-creation of one literary world within (an)other cultural discourse, being it in a different language, or even uttered in a new lingua franca, which today is English. That means that the other nation can also be narrated in English, but in an English used by others for their own purposes, sometimes only commercial but other times purposely chosen as the tool of contra-hegemonic statement(s), having their own purposes and ways. How we can trans-create that in reading is of the utmost importance for interpretation. At the end of this essay we will see how that reflects on both the otherness of authentic culture (in this case study Korean) as well as English speaking discourse and English as an authentic language and the tool of trans-creating and disseminating the idea of literature as a global entity (or/and system).
More...
There are no Hungarian written sources from the time preceding the Conquest. Latin-languagewritten culture in Hungary emerged with the establishment of the Kingdomof Hungary in the Carpathian Basin (in 1000 with the coronation of St. Stephen) andthe conversion to Christianity. The early Latin (less frequently Greek) written sourcescreated at this time (charters, chronicles, etc.) contain Hungarian words and expressionsonly sporadically and they were mostly proper names designating places. These,however, due to their early appearance and low number have proved to be truly valuablein studies of historical linguistics. Historical studies also greatly rely on the conclusionsdrawn from them when exploring the early history of Hungarians and theyattempt to describe the ethnic and population history of the contemporary CarpathianBasin also in consideration of the results of historical linguistics concerning the semanticand etymological features of names and their origin. In this respect, the settlementnames rooted in ethnonyms have a key role as they also shed light on relationsbetween Hungarians and other peoples. In this paper, I study those settlement namesthat may refer to Western Slavic settlers designated by the cseh ethnonym in medievalHungarian language.
More...
This article is dedicated to the McDonaldization and its impact on the functioning ofpharmacies. More and more retail chains are introducing their own brands. The samecan be seen in pharmacies. Progressive dehumanization is the cause of the changingnature of pharmacy. McDonaldization is the reason for changing the names of overthe-counter drugs and other products available at the pharmacy.
More...
The article deals with the origin of the names of two Polish villages: SwolszewiceDuże and Swolszewice Małe (near Wolbórz, central Poland), attested as Swodziszewice(maior and minor) in the 15th and 16th centuries. The development of theform Swodziszewice to Swolszewice should not be treated as an onomastic enigma.The following series of phonological processes may be posited: Swodziszewicze >(1) *Swodźszewice > (2) *Swoćszewice > (3) *Swojszewice > (4) Swolszewice[sfolʃeˈv́iʦe]. The article explains all the changes which have occurred in the placename under discussion, namely (1) a syncope of the vowel [i] caused by a changeof the Old Polish stress; (2) a loss of voiced character of phoneme dź [ʥ] before thevoiceless sibilant sz [ʃ]); (3) an anticipation of softness, motivating the change of ć[ʨ] to j [j] before a sibilant; (4) a regional (folk) assimilation of [j] to [ľ] > [l] in thedialect of the Wolbórz area (cf. Old Polish place name Wojboŕ, now Wolbórz).
More...