Early maladaptive schemas in sex offenders versus the characteristics of offences against sexual freedom

Early maladaptive schemas in sex offenders versus the characteristics of offences against sexual freedom

Author(s): Justyna Oettingen,Józef Krzystof Gierowski,Bartosz Grabski,Agnieszka Micek / Language(s): English / Issue: 133/2023

Keywords: Early maladaptive schemas – EMS; Sexual offence; Aggressive sexual behaviour; Offence characteristics

This study examines the relationship between early maladaptive schemas (EMS) and the characteristics of offences committed by sex crime convicts. The research uses data collected from 102 convicts. The Polish version of Young’s Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S3-PL) was used to gauge the severity of EMS. The author’s self-made questionnaire used for making extracts from prison records, coupled with Beisert’s Violence Scale (2012), was employed to study the characteristics of the offences committed by the criminals under study. A correlation was found between the characteristics of the committed criminal acts (choice of victim, the CSO’s modus operandi, sexual violence involved) and the type and severity of each EMS. Relevant for CSOs in the context of their criminal acts are 4 domains out of 5 and 11 EMSs out of 18. The findings suggest that EMS contribute to criminal sexual behaviour. It may be important and useful to consider these structures when constructing models of preventive measures and planning therapeutic or proactive interventions. As a result, it would seem that convicted sexual offenders (CSO’s) require a customised approach including therapeutic models designed to address the specific maladaptive schema.

Deformation energy of a car: technical analysis and estimation ‘from experience’

Deformation energy of a car: technical analysis and estimation ‘from experience’

Author(s): Jakub Zębala,Karol Kwieciński / Language(s): English / Issue: 133/2023

Keywords: Energy deformation; EES; Relative speed; PC-Crash

The article presents the results of a survey that involved determining the energy equivalent speed (EES) from experience, i.e. based solely on the photographic documentation of damaged vehicles after a collision. The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of this method in the reconstruction of road accidents. A statistical analysis of the obtained results and a comparison between the survey results are presented in the article, i.e. the values indicated from experience and the EES values calculated based on simulations conducted in the PC-Crash program, called ‘true values’in the article. The analysis of the obtained results shows that the EES estimation using this method can at most be an auxiliary tool in the reconstruction of road accidents, as it only allows for a very rough, preliminary determination of the EES before the application of a more accurate method of determining the permanent energy of vehicle deformation.

Forensic significance of perforation pattern in polycarbonate sheet against 9 × 19 mm projectile

Forensic significance of perforation pattern in polycarbonate sheet against 9 × 19 mm projectile

Author(s): Abhishek Prajapati,Saurabh Kumar,Richa Rohatgi,Tamanna Jaitly,Vinay Aseri / Language(s): English / Issue: 133/2023

Keywords: Forensic significance; Perforation pattern; Polycarbonate sheet; 9 × 19 mm full metal jacket projectile; Ballistic impact; Fracture analysis

Polycarbonate is widely used as structural material due to its extreme resistance to impact and perforation. In a crime involving firearms, the bullet may impact various objects fitted with or made of polycarbonate sheets leaving high chances of discovering the fractured PC sheets and fragments at the scene of crime; hence, these objects may become objects of the criminal investigation. In the present work the perforation pattern of PC sheets of thicknesses 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm and 15 mm at firing ranges 5 m and 10 m when impacted against 9 ×19 mm full metal jacket (FMJ) bullet were examined. It was observed that after impact, the PC sheet develops entry hole smaller than the calibre of bullet; formation of crack zone, plastic zone; and petalling on the distal face was observed. It was found that as the thickness of the sheet increases, the diameter of the entry hole increases, the diameter of the exit hole initially increases and then becomes constant. At 5 m range of fire the trend of crack zone becomes nearly constant from 8 mm to 15 mm thickness, however, at 10 m range of fire crack zone increases from 8 mm to 15 mm thickness. Furthermore, the diameter of the plastic zone increases as the thickness of the sheet increases (from 8 mm to 15 mm, respectively).

Implementing innovative strategy for visualising fingerprints on wet non-porous surfaces

Implementing innovative strategy for visualising fingerprints on wet non-porous surfaces

Author(s): Anjali Kollam,Tamanna Jaitly,Pavan Kumar Ganechary,Prawahan Raghottam,Vinay Aseri / Language(s): English / Issue: 133/2023

Keywords: Fingerprints; Forensic; Latent impressions; Non-porous surfaces; Personal identification; Powder method

Fingerprints are an important piece of evidence in crime investigation and play a key role in crime investigation due to their permanency, universality, uniqueness and of course availability. Utilization of water or any other liquids to destroy evidence by criminals is a very common practice. It becomes difficult to collect and analyse such evidence from underwater in terms of its forensic reproducibility, though not impossible. The methods employed are quite tedious, expensive and unreliable. There are many fingerprint powders accessible to the scientific examiners to recuperate and gather the unique fingerprint impressions submerged, the vast majority of them are for explicit materials like small particle reagent (SPR). The technique has been compromised by its downsides as it is highly toxic, very sensitive, low contrast and quite costly. An urgent and imperative need to foster an economical and effective, low cost fingerprint powder for underwater impressions by using the materials that are easily available. The present study was conducted to fulfil the same objective and proposes a modest unique fingerprint powder which provides great proficiency from a combination of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) with chalk powder (yellow) and silver powder respectively.

Paediatric trauma related with electric micro-mobility devices (review)

Paediatric trauma related with electric micro-mobility devices (review)

Author(s): Yulia Z. Kotsiubynska,Natalia M. Kozan,Volodymyr M. Voloshynovych,Galina M. Zelenchuk,Valeriia O. Chadiuk / Language(s): English / Issue: 133/2023

Keywords: Electric micro-mobility devices; Pediatric trauma; Vehicle injury; Traffic accident

It is known that micro-mobility has a positive impact by reducing congestion and emissions. However, with the increase in traffic of these vehicles, the number of related collisions and accidents has increased, and the number of injured and killed people, including children, has risen accordingly. The purpose of the review study was to conduct a comprehensive study of several issues related to the safety of using electric micro-mobility devices for both adults and children through a systematic literature review; to determine the forensic aspects of injuries to operators of electric micro-mobility devices and pedestrians, and to investigate the mechanism of injury. A systematic, thematic bibliographic review was used to conduct this review study. The Scopus database was chosen as the main portal for searching for publications (www.scopus.com). At the same time, a limited search in the Google Scholar database was used for original queries. The article highlights the aspects related to the safety of using electric micro-mobility devices for children and adults, the peculiarities of injuries, the statistical correlation between the frequency of injuries and the use of basic protective equipment, and the characteristic types of injuries for specific micro-mobility devices. Despite all the work done, its results are mostly statistical and do not provide a holistic view of the mechanism of injury and forensic assessment of the consequences of injury. There is also an open issue related to the study of the peculiarities of injuries to operators and pedestrians, and the establishment of differential trauma criteria specific to operators and pedestrians.

Presidentialism and Democracy in East and Southeast Asia, ed. Marco Bünte, Mark R. Thompson, Routledge 2023, pp. 173

Presidentialism and Democracy in East and Southeast Asia, ed. Marco Bünte, Mark R. Thompson, Routledge 2023, pp. 173

Author(s): Anna Michalak / Language(s): English / Issue: 23/2023

Collective Intelligence and Structural Transformation in the Moroccan Tourism Industry during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Field Survey in the Marrakech-Safi Region

Collective Intelligence and Structural Transformation in the Moroccan Tourism Industry during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Field Survey in the Marrakech-Safi Region

Author(s): Wijdane MERIOUMI,Bouchra AIBOUD BENCHEKROUN / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: COVID-19; collective intelligence; Morocco; resilient tourism economy; field survey;

This paper discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry, with a focus on the Moroccan tourism sector. It highlights the need for the government to reflect on the crisis's implications and foster a more resilient tourism economy through structural transformation and collective intelligence. This research defines key concepts of collective intelligence and analyzes the mechanisms of actors in the Moroccan tourism sector. The study conducted a field survey in the Marrakech-Safi region, showing that market actors have developed effective tools and methods of collective action in line with collective intelligence principles. By promoting collective intelligence, Morocco can create a sustainable and resilient tourism industry. The study's contributions can provide valuable information for similar contexts worldwide, and its findings are of interest to researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in the tourism industry.

Navigating the Fine Line of Sustainable Tourism: A Critical Analysis with Implications for Tourism Planning

Navigating the Fine Line of Sustainable Tourism: A Critical Analysis with Implications for Tourism Planning

Author(s): Kevin Fuchs / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: sustainable tourism; challenges; tourism development; tourism incentives; implementation; stakeholders;

Sustainable tourism has become a hot topic due to the negative impacts of traditional tourism. The concept is designed to balance economic, social, and environmental objectives, but is complex and multifaceted. It has advantages, including the preservation of the environment and cultural heritage, and economic benefits for local communities. However, I contend that sustainable tourism also presents vast challenges such as being difficult to define and measure, being more expensive than traditional forms of tourism (in part), and potentially having negative impacts on local communities. Another major challenge is the lack of incentives for industry players, which makes it hard for stakeholders to embrace sustainable tourism methods and practices. The article concludes that governments must prioritize sustainable tourism initiatives and provide adequate resources and support to ensure their successful implementation.

The Contribution of Tourism Industry Cash Flows to Economic Growth “Middle East Evidence”

The Contribution of Tourism Industry Cash Flows to Economic Growth “Middle East Evidence”

Author(s): Mohammad ALADWAN / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: economic growth; cash flow; GDP; tourism;

This study aims to verify the extent to which the tourism sector contributes to economic growth measured by gross domestic income (GDP) in emerging countries. This study relied on the applied research method through correlation, simple and multiple regression. The study sample consisted of all tourism companies in Jordan. Quarterly Cash flows of tourism sector was traced from 2008-2021 and linked to GDP. The study reached the following conclusions, the simple regression confirmed the positive impact for all economic sectors including tourism sector on GDP; on the other hand, the multiple regression results for the joint influence of all sectors together on GDP only five sectors including tourism found with positive impact on GDP. Further evidence was found for the importance of tourism contribution to local income after excluding this sector from total earnings, the explanatory power of all sectors to GDP was decreased by 25%. The overall results of study recommended to give more attention to this sector in emerging economics particularly middle east countries.

The Influence of Halal Attractions and Memorable Experiences on Tourists' Destination Choices: An Indonesian Perspective

The Influence of Halal Attractions and Memorable Experiences on Tourists' Destination Choices: An Indonesian Perspective

Author(s): Muaidy YASIN,Lalu Edy Herman / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: halal tourism; community-based tourism; intrinsic religiosity values; decision to visit;

The objective of this research is to analyze the influence of the tourism brand on decision-making developments during the holidays, as well as the contribution of religious standards, hallucinations and memorable tourist experiences. Tourism, a prominent step in the brand, is gaining a lot of attention and promotion in Indonesia. The study perfect is empirically authenticated through a field survey, a questionnaire distributed to 150 people surveyed by sampling methods. The collected data was processed with the Amos 20 software using Structural Equations (SEM). The results of the study show that memorable tourist experiences affect the natural value of a person's religiosity and the decision to visit a destination, and captivation also influence tourism choices. However, neither the attractive tourist brand nor the attraction affects the religiosity of a place, and the value of religiosity does not play roles in the judgements that tourists make to visit it.

The Complexity of the Legal Framework for Regulating the Activity of Tourist Guides in Kosovo

The Complexity of the Legal Framework for Regulating the Activity of Tourist Guides in Kosovo

Author(s): Armand Krasniqi,Diamanta Sojeva,Bekë Kuqi / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: legislation; tourism; cicerone; guide; certification;

In Kosovo, tourism and legislation, despite positive developments for this economic activity, are not at the level of the standards required in the European Union. More specifically, in contrast to other countries, in Kosovo the activity of tourist guides is regulated only within the Law on Tourism and until now no by-laws have been issued to operationalize this specific activity. In the modern conditions of tourism developments, this fact can be one of the obstacles that in reality increases the safety of tourists to visit the tourist resources of our country and produces other negative financial, social, etc. implications. The paper starts from the definition of the term tourist guide, which has also been accepted at the EU level. This model should be the basis of providing a short narrative for the development of the country's tourist guide by analyzing and urgently completing the current legal basis for tourism. The work in a limited way highlights some problematic issues in the beginning and operation of this activity, especially in the sphere of professional certifications and adequate training, including in this direction, the advocacy for the application of the new European standard EN 15565 in Kosovo as well.

Strategic Planning for Taiwanese Industrial Tourism Parks Themed on Local Characteristic Industries

Strategic Planning for Taiwanese Industrial Tourism Parks Themed on Local Characteristic Industries

Author(s): Hung-I TAI,Li-Wei Liu,Lung-Shih YANG,Chi-Chiang HSIEH / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: industrial parks; local characteristic industries; industrial tourism;

This study examined Puli Industrial Micro-Park for a case study. In line with Nantou County’s efforts to promote itself as a tourism capital, the park was designed as an industrial cluster that is themed on industrial tourism. This study explored the planning and operation of Puli Industrial Micro-Park and conducted in-depth interviews to understand its development history and implementation performance. Finally, it summarized the key factors that contributed to the successful development of industrial tourism parks with local characteristics, namely self-liquidating capability, land price, park development characteristics, comprehensive park planning, and park cooperation with nearby industries.

Tourism and COVID-19: Changes in Travel and Behavioral Patterns of Residents of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Tourism and COVID-19: Changes in Travel and Behavioral Patterns of Residents of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Amra Čaušević / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: COVID-19; tourists’ behavior; Bosnia and Herzegovina; travel patterns;

This paper analyses whether there have been any changes in the behavior and patterns of tourist travel after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The convenience sample included 265 respondents. The results of the study show that the most important factors in choosing to travel during the COVID-19 pandemic are: cleanliness, safety, comfort, costs, and social distance. The results of the study show a statistically significant difference in the factors that influence choosing to travel during COVID-19 with regard to employment, i.e., occupation, whereby the most factors when deciding on travel during COVID-19 are considered by pensioners and the least by students. When choosing a destination, as well as the image of the destination from the perspective of tourists, the study showed that owning a car is a statistically significant factor. The study also shows that there is a positive relationship that is statistically significant between the factors that influence choosing to travel during COVID-19 and the factors when choosing a destination from the perspective of tourists and the image of the destination, so those respondents who take into account more factors when choosing to travel during COVID-19, also take into account several factors when choosing a destination from the perspective of tourists and the image of the destination.

Land Areas Management for Development of Tourism Different Types

Land Areas Management for Development of Tourism Different Types

Author(s): Aigul Shaimerdenova,Madi NURPEISSOV,Kamshat AKHMETOVA,Valentina GARKUSHINA / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: land management; land resources; tourism;

This paper discusses the importance of the use of land resources for the development of tourism and recreational activities. The study of economic mechanisms of nature management stimulates interest in various forms of tourism, such as ecotourism, agrotourism, forest tourism. The expansion of the tourism industry, combined with a decrease in international tourist flows, leads to an increase in the number of specially protected natural areas. Land management is a system of measures aimed at compliance with land legislation, regulation of land relations and ensuring the rational use and conservation of land resources. The influence of factors connected with natural and cultural features of tourist places influences the development of land resources. In this paper, some researches are conducted to analyze how an efficient land management can stimulate different types of tourism.

Identification of Features for the City Branding: The Case of Shusha City, Azerbaijan as Tourism Destination

Identification of Features for the City Branding: The Case of Shusha City, Azerbaijan as Tourism Destination

Author(s): Bahman Huseynli / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: branding; city branding; tourist destination; Shusha, Azerbaijan;

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the strategic importance of the creation of the city brand of Shusha, the cultural capital of Azerbaijan, based on the studies in the literature, and to determine the branding elements. The study was prepared in accordance with the methodology of qualitative research methods and is exploratory research. Systematic approach, synthesis and induction methods were used in the study. The branding of Shusha as a city of music, architecture, heroism, and culture is one of the results of the research. As a result of the study, the brand elements that can be used in the branding of the city of Shusha in Azerbaijan were tried to be determined. Brand elements that can be used in the branding of Shusha are Kharibulbul flower (Ophrys Caucasica), Karabakh horses, Shusha fortress, Govhar Agha mosque, mugham, carpet art, famous people. The creation of the Shusha city brand can make it one of the world's tourism destinations.

Strategies for Sustainable Rural Tourism Innovation: Evidence from Hanoi, Vietnam

Strategies for Sustainable Rural Tourism Innovation: Evidence from Hanoi, Vietnam

Author(s): Hoa VU DINH,Tuan NGO ANH,Anh NGUYEN THI NGOC,Chi NGUYEN THI / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: innovation; rural tourism; subtainable development; Hanoi; Vietnam;

Rural tourism is an important driving force for developing rural areas that often face many challenges regarding economics, society, and the environment. Innovation in sustainable rural tourism is the basis for enhancing regeneration in tourism, meeting the goals of sustainable development, satisfying the needs of tourists, and enhancing economic, social, and environmental efficiency for rural areas. The research provides an in-depth understanding of sustainable rural tourism innovation. Therefore, it contributes to a better understanding of sustainable rural tourism innovation, which has not been extensively studied by researchers. Furthermore, it provides a typical case study of rural tourism innovation in a central urban area of developing countries, contributing to a better understanding of innovation in rural tourism destinations in developing country urban areas. The research also provides managers and policy-makers with insights that can be considered when building and implementing future rural tourism destination innovation policies.

Non-Price Competitivenes Factors in a Value Chain of a Tourism Product

Non-Price Competitivenes Factors in a Value Chain of a Tourism Product

Author(s): Mariia GARASYMLIUK,Bohdan Danylyshyn,Uliana MARTYNIUK,Viktoriia Makarovych,Olha POLIVODA,Tetiana NEZVESHCHUK-KOHUT,Nazariy Popadynets / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: travel company; customer; quality of services; infrastructural framework; management;

The paper addresses the detection and hierarchical composition of non-price factors influencing the quality of a tourism product in the environment of its value chain components from the viewpoint of the way the customers of travel companies understand these factors. The competitiveness dimensions are outlined for micro- and nanolevels, and the scheme to develop the competitive strategy based on the change of external environment factors is offered. The tourism product value chain scheme is generalized from the viewpoint of a travel company. The paper proves that the customers’ desire to maximize the value of a tourism product is based not only on the understanding of the acceptability of respective costs but also the level of awareness about the exclusiveness and quality of the infrastructural framework of the offer. The authors reveal that the components of the customers’ understanding of the tourism product value chain are related to the integral understanding of tourism service. The components of non-price factors are outlined chronologically and non-price factors of impact on the competitiveness in various links of the value chain are identified. The priority of inclusion was estimated by the rapid test method. The suggested hierarchy can foster the more qualitative ranging and updating of certain components of a tourism product to improve its understanding by customers, which will impact the competitive positions of the travel companies.

State Policy Regulations of Agriculture for Sustainable Development of Rural Tourism

State Policy Regulations of Agriculture for Sustainable Development of Rural Tourism

Author(s): Baglan Aimurzina,Shakhman YERTARGYN,Aigul Nurmaganbetova,Aina Serikovna NARYNBAYEVA,Gulzhan Abdramanova,Zhamilya Mizambekova / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: state policy regulation; agriculture; rural areas; rural tourism; tourism industry;

In order to ensure the high efficiency of the functioning of the actors of the rural tourism sector, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study, taking into account its sustainable development. This research paper underlines that the particular features of state regulation of the domestic agro-industrial complex need the expansion of state support tools through the development of rural tourism, conducting in same time at diversification factors helping its development. The paper explores state policy regulations underling the positive effects of rural tourism upon economy as a whole, factors that influences development of tourism, the integration of agriculture activities with those of tourism which implies constant inter-sectoral interaction; last but not least is analyzed the data on the share of agriculture and rural tourism in the structure of Kazakhstan's GDP, the level of the average monthly nominal wage of one employee by type of economic activity which is unappealing due the fact the structure peasants’ farms could be a mean rural tourism in which economy is enhanced.

How Smart Are You at Traveling? Adoption of Smart Tourism Technology in Influencing Visiting Tourism Destinations

How Smart Are You at Traveling? Adoption of Smart Tourism Technology in Influencing Visiting Tourism Destinations

Author(s): Lusianus KUSDIBYO,Wahyu RAFDINAL,Eko Susanto,Rina SUPRINA,Ikhsan NENDI,ABDUROKHIM ABDUROKHIM / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: smart tourism technology; TAM; TPB model; intention to use STT; visiting tourism destination;

This study analyses smart tourism technology adoption's role in influencing visiting destinations by providing unity to the technology acceptance model (TAM) mechanism and the model theory of planned behaviour (TPB), using 324 samples of tourists from Indonesia. This study uncovers eight dimensions of innovative tourism technology by applying exploratory factor analysis. A variance-based structural equation model is used to evaluate the model and test hypotheses. This study reveals that the integrated TAM and TPB model can better explain smart tourism technology adoption and visiting tourism destinations. The integrated model is suitable for adopting smart tourism technology, which is the basis for tourist behaviour in tourist destinations. From its finding, this study offers a foundation for formulating an implementation strategy for using appropriate smart tourism technology to attract tourists. By originality, this study describes empirical evidence to promote the values of the smart tourism technology dimensions in enhancing tourist intention to use smart tourism technology and visit tourism destinations.

The Effect of the Dollar, Euro, and Sterling Exchange on the Tourism Index in the Turkish Economy

The Effect of the Dollar, Euro, and Sterling Exchange on the Tourism Index in the Turkish Economy

Author(s): Fariz Saleh Ahmadov,Nigar Huseynli,Bahman Huseynli / Language(s): English / Issue: 4(68)/2023

Keywords: tourism; tourism index; exchange; BIST; Türkiye;

The exchange rate expresses the value of the national currency in terms of foreign currency. While foreign currency is an important investment tool in the portfolio of all kinds of investors in our modern world, it is also one of the most important elements of international trade. In particular, the impact of exchange rates on the tourism sector cannot be ignored. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between monthly data and BIST tourism index (XTRZM) for the period January 2011 – July 2022 and exchange rates (US Dollar exchange rate, Euro exchange rate and Sterling exchange rate) by using the time series process. Whether there is a relationship between the variables was analyzed by econometric analysis method. In the study, in which the Granger model was applied, it was determined that there was a causal relationship between all four variables. A bidirectional relationship was found only between dollar and sterling exchange rate changes. A unilateral causality relationship was found between all other variables.