Keywords: Holocaust literature;Lodz ghetto;Lodz ghetto bibliography
The article discusses the world’s literature devoted to the history of the Lodz ghetto published since 1943.
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Keywords: cultural and scientific life of Lodz;„Dziennik Łódzki”;1945-1953
“Dziennik Łódzki” from the postwar period is for the present-day researchers valuable source of information. apart from the news from Poland and the World, this paper contained a lot of information about science and cultural life of Lodz. repertoire and art review, radio programs, concert information, films, performances and museum exhibitions, invitations for readings, science meetings, articles about developments and works of science environment in Lodz are only a small part of news printed in “Dziennik Łódzki” but depicting the cultural and scientific life of Lodz in the years 1945-1953.
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Keywords: Józef Grycz;practising librarian;bibliologist
Józef Grycz, one of the most eminent librarians, significantly contributed to organizing libraries. In 1928-1930 he managed the Kórnik Library. Later he worked in the Ministry of Religious Denominations and Public Enlightenment, and was responsible for establishing the National Library. A proposal for organizing a network of public libraries, elaborated by Grycz, was brought to a parliamentary commission in 1934, yet it was implemented only during the times of the People’s Republic of Poland. Most notably,in the times of the Second Republic Grycz developed unified rules for alphabetical catalogues which he then introduced throughout Poland. During the Nazi occupation he was the manager of the National Library, transformed into the Second Branch of Staatsbibliothek Warschau. Approved at this position by Polish underground resistance movement, he provided illicit access to and protected the library holdings. The course book entitled Bibliotekarstwo praktyczne w zarysie (1945) written by Grycz provided foundations for the process of restoring Polish libraries.
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Keywords: William Shakespeare;Shakespeare;European literature;icon of literature
The article aims to show and analyse how initial, tentative idolatory attitudes towards Shakespeare, expressed by Ben Jonson in the First Folio ode ‘To the memory of my beloved, The AUTHOR Master William Shakespeare’, saw their full realization in the eighteenth century Europe
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Keywords: Shakespear criticism;inter-war period;William Shakespeare;Shakespeare
The article presents achievements of selected Polish Shakespeare scholars of the inter-war period.
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Keywords: Winter tale;William Shakespeare;Polish translations;European literature;Shakespear
The article discusses, first of all, the dramaturgical function of the monologue delivered by Time, the Chorus, in act 4, scene 1 of The Winter’s Tale and, secondly, the role which the passage of time and the changing of seasons play in this tragicomic romance.
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Keywords: William Shakespeare;Shakespeare;European literature;icon of literature;Ophelia
The article focuses on literary representations of women’s sight and hearing in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet on the example of Ophelia
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Keywords: Commonwealth;Trans Pacific Partnership
The Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) can play a major role in a constantly changing world of economic interdependencies because of the potential and capabilities of the member countries. The size and high growth rates of several economies from Pacific Asia, North and South America enhance integration efforts undertaken at both the political and economic levels. This article describes the role of Commonwealth members in the building of Trans Pacific Partnership. From the very beginning of the integration, Commonwealth member states were in the majority and had a decisive influence on the actions taken. The desire to increase cooperation in the field of economic relations, and the liberalization of world trade were also the basis for creation of Commonwealth, as it was stated in The Singapore Declaration of Commonwealth Principles, which defined the goals of the organization. The role of Canada and Australia was particularly analyzed because of their size and potential.
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Keywords: Australia’s Policy;21st Century;ASEAN;USA
The Australia’s foreign policy traditionally focused mainly on the relations with the US has changed in recent years. The evolution of the balance of power in the global politics, felt most in the East Asian region, has led to the appreciation in the eyes of the Australian elite of partners from the immediate neighborhood. PRC, currently the most important economic partner of Canberra, but also traditionally the biggest threat to the regional balance of power, aspires to play a key role in the South Pacific. Through the establishment of free trade agreements with countries of the ASEAN and with this organization separately, Australia is trying to provide a counter-balance for Beijing’s privileged position as a major trading partner. Another step in this direction will be elimination of taxes and tariffs in trade with South Korea and Japan. My essay examines the shift in Asian Australian foreign policy in recent years and illuminates the contents of documents, defining the economic and military strategy of the Australian government in new geopolitical circumstances.
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Keywords: cybersecurity;strategic documents;Great Britain
This essay tries to answer the question about the role and place of cybersecurity in the most crucial strategic documents of Great Britain in the period between 2009 and 2011. Cyberspace plays an important role for the states and their societies and because of this fact setting an efficient strategy in this domain is inevitably crucial. This article presents acomprehensive analysis of national security strategies as well as the cyberstrategies. The most important priorities, the methods and tools of achieving them and the role of the crucial bodies responsible for Great Britain cybersecurity are described. The analysis of the national security strategies allows to highlight the role of the cybersecurity in these documents.
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Keywords: British Defense Policy;United Kingdom;British General Election of 2010
The article discusses major weapons investments carried out at present and planned in the future by the United Kingdom. Individual investments are analyzed in terms of their potential relevance for the British armed forces, the costs of completion and the factors that influence the decision to choose a particular variant of the weapon. In the last part of the paper, the British dilemmas with nuclear forces are characterized.
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Keywords: Scotland;political choice;Independence
In his work the author presents the relations between Scotland and England. He tries to explain how Alex Salmond’s party NSP (National Scottish Party) gained majority in Scottish Parliament
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Keywords: political marketing techniques;British Conservative Party;2010 Election Campaign in Britain
The purpose of this essay is a thorough analysis of marketing factors that have con-tributed to the success of the Conservative Party in 2010 general election
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Keywords: different faces;Elizabeth II;Queen
This article aims to show these different faces of the British Queen in relation to the different kinds of people such as her family, subjects and also politicians – both British and from the Commonwealth, or Great Britain’s closest allies
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Keywords: British India;Neoliberal perspective;Marxist perspective;XIX century
This article presents the history of British India in the nineteenth century from neoliberal and Marxist perspective.
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Keywords: godly people;ungodly people;envy;Fabian Birkowski;funeral preach;Pamięć sprawiedliwego
The aim of the article was to discuss the influence of jealousy (phthonos) on the fame of godly and ungodly people and to present two divergent views on the posthumous fate, which Birkowski described with regard to three aspects: physical, religious and metaphysical – death in people remembrance.
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Keywords: death-nanny;images of death;Young Poland;poems;Bronisława Ostrowska;Maryla Wolska;relief
Concept of the article was to present the death in literary period Young Poland. The article basis of selected poems of Bronisława Ostrowska and Maryla Wolska.
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Keywords: poetic death;literary images of suicidal death;literature of nineteenth century
The main premise of the paper is that, for all characters, the suicidal death is most of all the manifestation of their own need to decise about themselves and to explore an art in every detail of people’s existence.
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Keywords: death as a transition;new reality;judgement day;Dies Irae;Lucjan Rydel
Death is the natural end of life. Everything that was born must die eventually, “absent from the body and face to the Lord” as about the death Saint Paul writes. The soul is separated from the body. They connect with him again on a ‘resurrection of the dead’.
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Keywords: catastrophism;pessimism;death;sacrum;poetry;Stanisław Piętak
In the article we make an attempt to explain poetic images of this prophecies with relation to the definition of catastrophism in Polish literature. In the text there are subjected to interpretation some representative poems, in which motifs relating to unreality could be found, for example: images of sky, symbolic representation of colours and flowers, guests from the other world, etc.
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