Русские лаковые промыслы в период Великой Отечественной войны
Russian Lacquer Crafts During the Great Patriotic War

Summary/Abstract: The history of The Great Patriotic War, which was the greatest test for Russia in the 20th century and whose 75th anniversary was celebrated in 2020, contains many topics that have not been well studied. One such topic is the activity of Russian folk crafts during wartime, among which the lacquered miniatures of Palekh, Mstyora, Kholui, and Fedoskino occupy a special place. This article provides one of the first complex studies of the economic, social, and artistic activities of all four centers of Russian lacquers during the war. In addition to information about the contribution of artists and residents of these villages to victory, the article reveals the main events and results of the development of Russian lacquer crafts during the war. These include exhibition activity and work of local art schools, the activities of artists in propaganda, and lacquered miniatures. Further, the article explores the state purchase orders and work of miniaturists for private purchases, the field of state regulation in folk art, and the loss of life suffered by villages. Special attention is paid to gender-related processes in Russian crafts, as well as support measures that the Soviet state provided to folk art during the war. The author concludes that the Great Patriotic War, despite losses and difficulties, became a time of development for the lacquer crafts in Russia, ensuring their subsequent development in the post-war years.

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