Zwolnienia i ulgi w podatku dochodowym od osób fizycznych a zasada sprawiedliwości podatkowej
Exemptions and reliefs from personal income tax and the principle of tax equity

Summary/Abstract: The tax legislator has a great deal of freedom when shaping the structural elements of taxes, in particular the introduction of tax rebates and exemptions. The catalogue of such breaks and exemptions on personal income tax is very wide and the reasons for their establishment are very diverse. One of the reasons is the need to exclude from taxation revenues that fall within the broadly defined tax base, and do not constitute a financial asset for the taxpayer. Others have the task of correcting the tax base to ensure taxation in accordance with the criterion of the ability to pay rule. They can also have a stimulating or even redistributive character. It is therefore necessary to consider the reasons for introducing such an extensive catalogue of tax exemptions and rebates in personal income tax. It is particularly important to determine whether the assumption of tax income as a determinant of the ability to pay rule can ensure fair taxation, especially without having to make adjustments through tax rebates and exemptions.

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