Rytų ir neeuropinių tautų meno tyrinėjimas M. Mausso ir P. Bourdieu meno sociologijos koncepcijose
Research of Eastern and non-european art in M. Mauss’ and P. Bordieu’s sociology of art

Summary/Abstract: n this article the author deals with two conceptions in modern French sociology of art: Mauss’ and Bourdieu’s. In the first half of 20th century anthropologist ad disciple of Durkheimian sociology Marcel Mauss developed original theory of art as a social total fact. He made researches of different Eastern and non-Western societies (islands of Melanesy and Polinesy, Australia, New Zealand, Northern America) and substantiated an idea that an object is work of art and it is validated as object of art by social group. So, definition of art depends on social conventions. In the 1970’s Pierre Bourdieu studied traditional (Algerian), modern (French) and developed theories of cultural (artistic, literary, religious, scientific, etc.) fields. Mauss’ analysis of traditional social phenomenon of magic and mana he applied in interpretation of modern artistic field as universe of beliefs. Bourdieu’s school has been very influential in the world. Its high theoretical level, its consistency and the introduction of many new approaches for the analysis of the relationship of art and society can explain this. And on the other hand, the theory of artistic field has represented the common tendencies of sociology, aesthetics and philosophy of art, which were related to the strengthening of institutional and interaction theories of the world of art. The theory of artistic field has made it possible to establish a united (all encompassing) sociological system for understanding of art and has directly served as an instrument for the studies of the history of art, introducing many new not-traditional interdisciplinary methods and strategies of research.

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