Zasada trójpodziału władzy a tak zwane specustawy inwestycyjne konkretnego celu – refleksje w przedmiocie granic pomiędzy stanowieniem a stosowaniem prawa
The principle of the separation of powers and the so-called investment ‘special acts’ for a specific purpose: reflections on the boundaries between lawmaking and application (towards a general administrative act)

Summary/Abstract: The article deals with the issues of the increasingly common adoption of the so-called one-off special investment laws. Initially, these exceptional means were sporadically employed, but in recent times their use has become more commonplace (Central Communication Port, the Vistula Spit cut, etc.). The adoption of such laws is juxtaposed with the principle of the separation of powers, which is organically linked to the freedom of the individual and possible violations of this freedom. The study presents the thesis that the acts regulating the implementation of the indicated investments do not meet the characteristics of abstraction. They contain general-specific norms constituting the domain of the executive, not legislation, and consequently they are closer to general acts of law application (general administrative acts) than to normative acts. Their adoption may therefore constitute an abuse of the law, as the implementation of such investments in this manner violates, inter alia, the right to a fair trial. The study mainly uses the comparativelegal method, in particular the rulings of the Czech constitutional court, which twice negated thepossibility of passing incidental laws on a specific case.

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