Podżeganie i pomocnictwo do czynu popełnianego za granicą
Aiding and abetting an act committed abroad

Summary/Abstract: The paper discusses the problem of criminal responsibility of secondary parties for inciting and aiding an act that is committed outside of Polish territory. According to Article 18 § 2 and § 3 of the Polish Criminal Code, encouraging and supporting a prohibited act are under penalty. It is debatable whether those regulations apply if the advocated or assisted act is to be performed abroad. In principle, such a possibility cannot be excluded, but there are certain categories of acts in case of which aiding or abetting an out-of-country commitment shall not be penalized. Firstly because the prohibited act can be performed only on Polish territory, secondly because the protected good can be attacked only domestically, and thirdly, because the performance of the act abroad will not be of a reckless nature, exceeding the permitted risk.

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