Treasures with medieval items of Byzantine tradition, discovered inside the Carpathian Arch (Romanian and Serbian territory) from 13th-14th centuries
Treasures with medieval items of Byzantine tradition, discovered inside the Carpathian Arch (Romanian and Serbian territory) from 13th-14th centuries

Summary/Abstract: Inside the Carpathian Arch, on the present territory of Romania and the Serbian Banat, were discovered several treasures that contain items attributable to the Balkan space in terms of the typology of most items. Most of them were discovered either in marginal areas, where the Wallachian voivodes had domains (Amnaș, Streza-Cârțișoara, Brașov), or near the border areas close to the Danube (Dubovac, Duplijaja and Macoviște) and on the Lower Tisza (Banatski Despotovac). The exceptions are the treasures from Șopteriu (where only remains of a tiara were found, more specifically necklaces with pendants), Sâmbăteni and Brașov. To these is added another one found in the former county of Maramureș. The analyzed treasures include tiaras plate, hair rings, earings, temple earrings, coins, glass bracelets, silver bracelets, buttons, metal vesels, fragments of ingots, buckles. In some treasures the items have different origins, balkanic or central european. The chronology of the burial of the treasures indicates first of all the Tatar invasion of 1241-1242, but also the following ones from the thirteenth century. For the other situations, the causes had rather local reasons. For the middle Danube area, we must not forget the attacks of the Cumans from the end of the thirteenth century, when numerous destructions of the localities from the lower Tisza plain were attested. Other important moments can be related to the Danube conflicts between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, especially during the reign of Sigismund of Luxembourg (1387-1437). In southern Transylvania, the situation can be linked either to the tense relations between the king and the Saxons in the south of the region, but also to possible Tatar invasions on the Olt valley at the end of the thirteenth century and the beginning of the fourteenth century. Starting with the fifteenth century, the burial of the treasures can be attributed to the Turkish invasions.

• Details
• Contents