Ex Oriente lux – Ex Oriente lex. Románia és Magyarország sztálini metamorfózisa 1945–1948
Ex Oriente lux – Ex Oriente lex. Stalinist metamorphosis of Romania and Hungary 1945-1948.

Summary/Abstract: Until the summer of 1944 Romania and Hungary had been each other’s enemies within the same federal bond. In late summer 1944 the ruling elite in Bucharest went over from the Axis powers falling apart under Hitler’s reign to the Allied powers’ side standing to win. In Budapest Regent Miklós Horthy’s failed attempt to withdraw Hungary from the war brought into power a far-right ephemeral regime, which sticked with Hitler to the very end. Nevertheless, as they were and stayed neighbours in the same front-zone, later they drifted into a defeated position as collateral losers in a very similar way. From a geopolitical aspect both countries got into the sphere of interest of the Soviet Union. Initially, Stalin did not plan an immediate Bolshevization in either case. However, in both cases a change of regime was conducted from Moscow, in which the local communist parties were made a Grecian Horse within the initially multiparty forced coalition. The wartime cooperation of the supreme powers turned into a cold-war opposition, amidst which the military and political supremacy of the Soviet Union became determinant. The differences of domestic policy and the current conflicts of interest of the two countries became fading couleur locale sceneries on Stalin’s regional stage of the „new European order”. From the turn of 1947/48 on, there was only a few months’ difference in the process of the communist party’s exclusive takeover in the countries of the region, including Romania and Hungary as well.

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