Narațiuni ale dezinformării și fake news utilizate de Rusia până la invadarea Ucrainei
Narratives of disinformation and fake news used by Russia until the invasion of Ukraine

Summary/Abstract: Until the invasion of Ukraine by Russia, the Russian government press and high-ranking politicians in Moscow participated in the distribution of disinformation and fake news stories, which prepared informally and mentally the aggression, called by the Kremlin a „special operation”. The study is based on weekly analyzes of the Russian-language press in Russia, Ukraine, the Republic of Moldova and Belarus, conducted between December 2020 and February 2022. It is worth mentioning the double role of false narratives distributed by the pro-Kremlin press during this period. The purpose of the disinformation was to change the perceptions of Ukrainians regarding relations with the EU and with NATO, based on sowing nostalgia for friendly relations with Russia. On the other hand, a lot of disinformation and fake news were addressed directly to the Russian public. The Kremlin continues to fund information campaigns to justify its actions against neighbouring states. A series of false narratives aimed to exonerate Russia over the Donbass conflict and the killing of civilians. Unfortunately, both European and Euro-Atlantic security strategies have so far not provided clear answers to some new phenomena such as hybrid warfare, the process of hybridization of socio-political life, the asymmetry between information attack and defence.

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