TÜRK VE RUS DİLLERİNDE İNSANI NİTELEYEN AK VE KARA RENK ADLARININ METAFORİK ANLAMLARININ İNCELENMESİ
EXAMINATION OF THE METAPHORICAL MEANINGS OF THE WHITE AND BLACK COLOR NAMES THAT CHARACTERIZE A PERSON IN TURKISH AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES

Summary/Abstract: Colors (white, black, red, yellow, green, blue, etc.), which are a cultural indicator, characterize people in terms of cognitive, physical, psychological and moral aspects. Because these color names are stripped of their initial meaning and correspond to metaphorical (symbolic-symbolic) meanings and concepts in language and culture. Turks and Russians have shown different attitudes to white and black color in their beliefs and cultures. These differences are reflected in the languages of the two societies and are clearly seen in the metaphorical expressions of the language (idioms, proverbs). In this context, the metaphorical meanings of white and black color names in Turkish and Russian languages are examined in that study. For this purpose, first of all, words and expressions describing human, including white and black color names, were scanned from various Turkish and Russian dictionaries and determined. Then, the names of the colors white and black in the selected words and expressions were analysed in terms of semantics and their metaphorical meanings were revealed. As a result of the examination, it has been understood that the positive, negative and neutral features of human beings are characterized by the use of white and black color names and organ names (face, eye, eyebrow, hand, hair, beard, teeth, etc.) in both languages. While the blackness of the eyes and eyebrows is a sign of goodness and beauty in Turkish, it is an expression of malice, bad intention, jealousy and meanness in Russian. It has been determined that negative feelings and emotions such as helplessness, sadness and anger are expressed with the word black in the Turkish language, while the same feelings are expressed with the word white in the Russian language. It has been understood that the determined metaphorical meanings of the words white and black in the two languages in question both overlap and differ. At the end of the study, the meanings and concepts that the names of white and black colors obtained from the meticulously carried out analysis correspond to in two languages were compiled and compared.

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