“İşyerinde Sosyal Cesaret Davranışı” Ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye Uyarlama Çalışması
Adaptation of The Scale of "Social Courage Behavior in the Workplace" to Turkish

Summary/Abstract: Purpose – Courage, which refers to self-sacrifice for others, is one of the most universally appreciated virtues. There is a need for research that examines the concept of courage, which has its roots in the Ancient Age, more comprehensively than philosophical approaches that accept it as a personal trait. For this reason, the aim of this study is to adapt the "Social Courage Behavior at Work" scale, developed by Howard, Farr, Grandey and Gutworth (2017) and proven to be valid and reliable, into Turkish in order to conduct studies on organizational variables. Design/methodology/approach - The universe of this research consists of 1,400 teachers working in secondary education institutions in Çorum Central district in the 2020-2021 academic year. The sample of the study consists of 381 teachers who were reached through the convenience sampling method. Findings – In parallel with the structured scale adaptation studies, firstly, exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine the research sub-dimensions and to reveal the factor structures. As a result of exploratory factor analysis with the help of SPSS program, 2 items with more than one factor loading were removed from the scale and a one-dimensional "Social Courage Behavior at Work" scale was obtained. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, the model's goodness-of-fit index was CMIN/DF= 2.956; RMSEA=.072; CFI = .955; GFI= .965; AGFI=0.934; TLI=0.933; p=.000 and standardized RMR=.0393 were found within the desired limits. The Cronbach Alpha value (0.849) was used to determine the reliability of the scale whose construct validity was accepted. Discussion – As a result of the validity and reliability analysis, it was determined that the final version of the "Social Courage Behavior at Work" scale, consisting of 9 items and one-dimensional, is a valid and reliable scale.

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