KÜRESEL ISINMANIN GÖLGESİNDE KUZEY KUTBU’NDA ENERJİ HAVZALARI ÜZERİNDE BUZKIRAN GEMİLER İLE JEOPOLİTİK OYUN
GEOPOLITICAL GAME WITH ICEBREAKERS ON ENERGY BASINS IN THE ARCTIC IN THE SHADOW OF GLOBAL WARMING

Summary/Abstract: Environmental pollution caused by the development of industrialization and energy consumption, the global warming and the rapid increase of the world population constitute the major problem for all the countries of the world, while the concerns of the countries focus on future energy sources and alternative solutions. The Arctic region is a region gaining importance in this context. The aim of this study is to reveal the geopolitical importance of the Arctic region, which contains additional reserve resources such as oil and natural gas and offers an alternative sea route to the region and to world trade due to melting glaciers. In this context, the Arctic region was examined by a literature review, the exclusive economic areas of the states of the region were shown with maps, tables related to the temperature variability of the region were given, current and scenario maps of glacial melting in the region and glacial melting were emphasized. Apart from the heat imbalance, energy and economic reserves in the Arctic region, information about the real situation that will occur as a result of glacial thinning and melting in the region and the icebreaker ships operating in the region are given. According to the results obtained in the conclusion of the study, the melting glacier of the Arctic region is unstoppable under current conditions and although global measures, the energy reserves of the Arctic carry the risk of conflict, even though it seems to be on a diplomatic basis, around the 22nd century, the use of an alternate transit route for the global shipping trade would have increased because of the melting ice. On the other hand, it turns out that China's interest in the region, which is among the foreign countries outside the Arctic region, is embodied by its investments in icebreaker ships. As a result, Turkey, like China, ought to attach importance to icebreaker shipbuilding in order to display a competitive flag in the region, and both the region's geo-economic opportunities and alternative maritime trade. In world trade, it is necessary to plan the use of the Arctic Sea with modern icebreakers in the trade of the north, northeastern Russia, northeastern China, and Japan.

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