“Children of the Nation”. An Overview of Aid and Benefits Paid to WWI Orphans as Reflected in Data from the Official Gazette of the Kingdom of Romania (1918-1939) Cover Image
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“Children of the Nation”. An Overview of Aid and Benefits Paid to WWI Orphans as Reflected in Data from the Official Gazette of the Kingdom of Romania (1918-1939)
“Children of the Nation”. An Overview of Aid and Benefits Paid to WWI Orphans as Reflected in Data from the Official Gazette of the Kingdom of Romania (1918-1939)

Author(s): Elena-Crinela Holom
Subject(s): History, Social history, Modern Age, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Interwar Period (1920 - 1939)
Published by: Centrul de Studiere a Populaţiei
Keywords: war orphans; WWI; the Official Gazette (Monitorul Oficial); legislation; pensions; welfare; interwar period;

Summary/Abstract: The present article is an overview of the main legislation, decisions, and guidelines included in the Official Gazette (Monitorul Oficial) of the Kingdom of Romania between 1918 and 1939 to support war orphans. As descendants of parents who had fallen on the battlefield, war orphans, called, after the French model, “wards of the nation,” became a responsibility of the state. Adopted in September 1920, the Law for the establishment of the National Office for war invalids, orphans, and widows enshrined the role of the state in coordinating all legislation and measures in areas such as health services, welfare, and education. In time, the state assumed roles in the control over and administration of all bodies, services, institutions, and offices created for the protection of those who suffered in the aftermath of the wars. However, the data in the Kingdom of Romania’s Official Gazette show that the implementation of state programs for the protection of war orphans was often problematic and patchy. War orphans remained a highly vulnerable social group, especially in times of instability such as the economic crisis of 1929-1933.

  • Issue Year: 15/2021
  • Issue No: 2
  • Page Range: 115-137
  • Page Count: 23
  • Language: English