DAS PROBLEM DES GEWISSENS EINE PROBLEMSTELLUNG DER ETHIK BEI HEIDEGGER UND BEI KLEIN
THE PROBLEM OF CONSCIENCE. AN ETHICAL PROBLEM IN HEIDEGGER AND KLEIN

Summary/Abstract: From where does our conscience arise? Heidegger stated that conscience has the characteristics of a Call arising from the depth of our fundamental existence. The Call occurs from our Dasein, constructed by the self-consciousness of our recognition existing in the temporal world of the diverse facticity. The self as a thinking, feeling and perceiving person (das Man) has to face confrontation between the world and itself. As the temporal Dasein, which occurs and changes, our personal self struggles as Sorgen tragendes Dasein against the existing things in the world, in analysing what is the fundamental Being. For H.-D. Klein the structure of In-der-Welt-sein is an integrative unity of a two-dimensional world: One dimension shows an inside perspective of psychology, viewed from the thinking and acting Self (Ich); the other one includes objective, rigorously critical views, perceived from the co-existence of the ego and the alter ego, the self and the other selves, integrated into all beings in the world. Based on the principles of transcendental ontology and on his pronounced critique of Kantian ethics, Klein presents a unique ontology to the problems of conscience. The focus of this contribution is a comparative philosophy of the ‚conscience‛ as understood by Heidegger and H.-D. Klein, respectively. The purpose of the comparison is to clarify what is the significance of the concept of ‚conscience‛ in the ontologies outlined by the two authors. The comparison does not confine itself to a ‚list of different characteristics of the authors‛, but probes into the fundamental principles of what is the essential unity of our ‚conscience‛ in a transcendental and phenomenological ontology, which establishes the norm of ethics in a globalized world.

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