РАЗВИТАК И ПРИРОДА УСТАВНИХ ПОРЕДАКА У ЕГИПТУ
EVOLUTION AND NATURE OF CONSTITUTIONAL REGIMES IN ECYPT

Summary/Abstract: The main event in the constitutional history of Egypt was Mohamad Ali’s coming to power in 1805. The dinasty he founded obtained the right of hereditary rule in Egypt, so that the year of 1805. marks the beginning of the so called1 royal period in the egyptian constitutional history, period that lasted until 1952, when it was replaced by the republican regime. After the abolition of the absolutisme, two constitutions were passed during the existance of the egyptian monarchy. The Constitution of 1923. adopted a representative government with the bicameral system, thus introducing a parliamentary government in Egypt. The Constitution of 1930. was based on the same principles as those adopted by the Constitution of 1923. with one single exception consisting in the strengthtening of the royal power. Four constitutions were passed during the republican period. The Constitution of 1956. combined an element of the presidential government with another one, issued from the parliamentary system. The president of the republic, elected by the people, was authorized to dissolve the parliament, the fact that author considers to represent a combination of the two systems, though his opinion is that the purpose of such a combination was only to strengthen the presidential power. The Constitution of 1958. was in force during the period of the Union between Egypt and Syria. According to the terms of this Constitution the president" of the republic was not only the head of the executive power, but he was also authorized to legislate. Finally, the constitutions of 1964. and 1971, the latter being still in force, introduced a semi-presidential government, possessing certain similarities with the system actually existing in the Fifth republic m France.

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