Mocarstwa w kryzysie. Mocarstwa drugiego rzędu w późnowestfalskim środowisku międzynarodowym
Powers in Crisis. Second tiers Powers in late-Westphalian international environment

Summary/Abstract: The main objective of the article is analysis of the Actors evolution within the framework of late-Westphalian international environment. The proposed category – second tier powers – is stemming from theory of dynamics of Power which embraces international practice and scientific recollections, in order to fully investigate changes that have been observed since the end of the Cold War. The following research hypotheses will be proposed and verified. First, second-tier powers are characterized mainly by a positive asymmetry in their Powerbase and a prolonged internal crisis. Second, the second-tier powers function optimally only in conjunction with the functioning of the hyperpower. Third, the main function of second-tier powers is to stabilize the international environment by dissipating the capacities of first-tier powers.

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