NASTANAK I RAZVOJ PRAVNOG OKVIRA REGIONALNE POLITIKE EVROPSKE UNIJE U XX VEKU
THE OCCURRENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF REGIONAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION IN THE XX CENTURY

Summary/Abstract: The regional or cohesion policy of the European Union (EU) is one of its most important common policies. It was created and developed in order to increase the well-being of all European regions through various measures to combat regional differences. Economic, social and territorial disparities have been identified as one of the biggest challenges for further progress of development processes within the EU, which should be opposed by increasing economic growth, employment and strengthening competitiveness, which is one of the most important objectives of regional policy. In this paper we will look at the emergence and development of the legal framework on which the EU's regional policy is now based in order to understand its importance and role in the construction of the EU as we know it today. First we will examine the first phase of regional policy from 1957-1975 which legal framework was initiated by the creation of the Council of European Municipalities and the Region, and then developed through the European Social Fund and the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU until the creation of the Association of Border European Regions as the beginning of the idea of Euroregionalism. EU regional policy is entering its second phase in 1975, when the European Regional Development Fund was established as an important instrument. It was further developed first through the adoption of the Single European Act of 1986, and later through the implementation of the so-called Delors Packages 1 and 2. Particularly important was the new regional policy position in the Maastricht Treaty of 1993, which established the Cohesion Fund (another important instrument), as well as the Committee of the Regions.

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