Sintaksički i semantički status adverbijala mjesta i vremena u arapskom jeziku
Syntactic and Semantic Status of Adverbials of Place and Time in Arabic

Summary/Abstract: This research aims to describe the development of theoretical approaches to the category of adverbials of place and time from their description in the Arabic grammatical tradition within the concepts of ẓarf and maf‘ūl fīhi to their description in contemporary research. Adverbials are usually defined as optional elements that are in Arabic primarily expressed by a prepositional phrase, a noun phrase, an adjective phrase, and a dependent clause. This paper focuses on the semantic functions of adverbial modifiers of place and time that are expressed in non-clause forms, especially in the form of the noun phrase marked for the accusative case. Depending on the semantic characteristics of the verb and its subcategorization within different syntactic structures, the possibility of occurrence of different adverbial forms in the syntactic function of obligatory and optional adverbial complement is introduced. The main findings generally demonstrate that obligatory adverbial complements occur after a verb belonging to a specific semantic category of stationary verbs, and that optional adverbial complements occur after verbs of motion. The paper also examines the structural placement of adverbials of place and time in Arabic in terms of adverb hierarchy. The paper is based on functional approach to adverbials as the most diverse group of clause elements.

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