Podmiotowość i sprawczość - z perspektywy realizmu krytycznego
Subjectivity and Agency from the Perspective of Critical Realism

Summary/Abstract: The perspective of critical realism in the reflection on person being excludes all constructivist and subjectivist concepts or ideas of a "black hole" of speech. It seems to me that the key to this is the position of critical realism. However, I am starting from Émil Durkheim's homo duplex concept to show how it could be overcome on the basis of realistic phenomenology (Roman Ingarden, Edith Stein). But the problems we encounter when adopting this position, I believe, require a perspective ofcritical realism. They find a solution - I say - in the concept of a human being by Margaret S. Archer, undoubtedly the most outstanding and complete theoretical thought on this matter in contemporary humanities. This leads me to reflect on the sense of the concept of subjectivity, which - in my opinion - opens up an opportunity to grasp the meaning of humanity in realistic terms, but also taking into account the fullness and complexity of man as a social being, "thrown into ethics". I propose a threeargument model of subjectivity, leading beyond the important, but not the only dimension of subjectivity, which is agency.The perspective of critical realism in the reflection on person being excludes all constructivist and subjectivist concepts or ideas of a "black hole" of speech. It seems to me that the key to this is the position of critical realism. However, I am starting from Émil Durkheim's homo duplex concept to show how it could be overcome on the basis of realistic phenomenology (Roman Ingarden, Edith Stein). But the problems we encounter when adopting this position, I believe, require a perspective ofcritical realism. They find a solution - I say - in the concept of a human being by Margaret S. Archer, undoubtedly the most outstanding and complete theoretical thought on this matter in contemporary humanities. This leads me to reflect on the sense of the concept of subjectivity, which - in my opinion - opens up an opportunity to grasp the meaning of humanity in realistic terms, but also taking into account the fullness and complexity of man as a social being, "thrown into ethics". I propose a threeargument model of subjectivity, leading beyond the important, but not the only dimension of subjectivity, which is agency.

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