ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПОДХОДА К ИССЛЕДОВАНИЮ СУЖДЕНИЙ О СЕБЕ И О ДРУГИХ ПОДРОСТКОВ-СИРОТ ИЗ ШКОЛ-ИНТЕРНАТОВ
ADAPTATION PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH FOR STUDYING TEENAGE ORPHANS’ OPINIONS ABOUT THEMSELVES AND OTHERS

Summary/Abstract: The investigation of teenage orphans’ opinions of both themselves and other people within phenomenological point of view means researching that in their self structure in the broader context than their self – consciousness. The term self structure requires the definition; its sources need to be determined. The article deals with the analysis of solving these problems within some of psychological and philosophical approaches. It was solving these problems by S. Frank, N. Lossky that we used in the experimental study orphans’ opinion about themselves and other people. These scientists belong to Russian intuitivist group that is the part of phenomenological branch of non Marxian theory of knowledge. Their conception has been developed in modern Russian psychology by F. Mihaylov and V. Muhina.The self structure is understood as state of person’s mind (I) to subject (Subject). The “I” is detachment himself by person as separable side, which function is act of distinguishing. The “Subject” includes the subject itself and person’s sense, attitude and feeling, connected with the subject, given to the person in perception intuitively. Self structure’s sources are both isolating, connected with person’s instinctive selfish inclinations, and involving into communications, connected with person’s inclination for searching contacts with others.The article offers the typology of orphan’s strategies in isolating and involving into communications with the others, formatted theirs’ self structure. The correlation between orphans’ opinion about the others and their self structures was been confirmed.

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