Status zapożyczenia-cytatu we współczesnym języku polskim na przykładzie galicyzmów
The status of a borrowing-quotation in the contemporary Polish language as exemplified by the Gallicisms

Summary/Abstract: The aim of the study was to establish the current status of the Gallicisms functioning in the Polish language in the form of quotations, by verifying their adaptation at the level of spelling, inflection, and word formation, as well as pointing to the processes of their syntactic adaptation. It was assumed, first, that the Gallicims regarded so far as quotations could have lost this status as a result of progressive formal adaptation. The second hypothesis concerned the borrowings that still meet the definitional criteria of a quotation – despite their non advanced formal adaptation, they cannot be comprehended as units that are subject to no rules of the Polish language system, as during their functioning in the Polish language they undergo indispensable processes of syntactic adaptation. The status of the adaptation of the Gallicisms at the level of spelling, inflection, word formation, and syntax was verified based on the information contained in the selected Polish language dictionaries and the instances of the usage of the given units, found in the contemporary Polish language texts. The analysis demonstrated that many of the investigated Gallicisms lost their status of a borrowing- quotation, more still, are characterized by advanced formal adaptation, progressing with the growing frequency of the units’ usage. The research also confirmed that the Gallicisms maintaining their status of a quotation, similarly to the adapted borrowings, undergo the processes of syntactic adaptation, i.e. can be assigned to a proper grammatical category, and all the units used in the function of substantives or nominal phrases are assigned in the Polish language grammatical gender.

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