BRICS-T Ülkelerinde Ekonomik Büyüme, Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım ve Çevresel Kirlilik İlişkisi: Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi ve Kirlilik Sığınağı Hipotezlerinin Ampirik Analizi
The Relationship between Economic Growth, Foreign Direct Investment and Environmental Pollution in BRICS-T Countries: Empirical Analysis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve and Pollution Haven Hypotheses

Summary/Abstract: Global warming, environmental pollution and uncontrolled use of resources are accepted as critical threats to human life and sustainable growth. This study aims to examine the relationships between economic growth, foreign direct investment and environmental pollution in BRICS-T countries in the context of the environmental Kuznets curve and pollution Haven hypotheses. Second-generation panel data analysis methods were employed in the study, in which annual data from the 1992-2017 period were used. Findings obtained from the cointegration test indicate that the variables move together in the long run, which means they are cointegrated. According to the result of the estimation, it has been determined that the environmental Kuznets curve, which claims that there is an inverted-U-shaped relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth, and the pollution Haven hypothesis, which states that there is a positive relationship between environmental pollution and foreign direct investments, are both valid for BRICS-T countries. Based on the evidence obtained, it is recommended that BRICS-T countries focus more on sustainable growth and environment rather than rapid economic growth and improve their foreign direct investment standards.

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