Rodičovství a genderové mzdové rozdíly ve vybraných kontextech trhu práce před pandemií covidu-19 a na jejím začátku
Parenthood and the gender wage gap in selected labour market contexts before and at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic

Summary/Abstract: The article addresses the influence of parenthood on the gender pay gap (GPG). The linked employer − employee data available that is suitable for a detailed GPG analysis, does not include parenthood in Czechia. It is thus possible to examine the relationship between the GPG and parenthood via this data only indirectly through the use of data on age. Information System on Average Earnings (ISPV) data allows for the monitoring of compliance with the legal standard that requires equal pay for equal work. The analysis presented highlights the importance of GPG monitoring not only in general, but also at the various levels of segregation and in differing organisational contexts. The GPG is highest (even the within-job GPG − the same occupation and workplace) for those age categories in which women and men usually have young children and in which women mostly return to the labour market from a period of parental leave. Environments with higher remuneration system transparency, such as the public sector and the largest workplaces, are characterised by lower within-job GPGs, even for parental age categories. However, gender segregation plays an important role in these contexts. Industries (based on the Classification of economic activities − NACE) differ from each other; the highest GPG, including within-job GPG, is in the finance, and the lowest in the education sectors. The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in a slight reduction in the GPG; however, this did not apply, or only marginally applied, to parental age categories. The monitoring of the GPG, including the GPG for equal work, and efforts to reduce the impact of parenthood on remuneration remains an important task, especially in connection with the upcoming European directive on wage transparency.

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