İslam Dünyasının Geri Kalma Nedenleri Üzerine Bir Analiz
An Analysis on the Reasons of the Underdevelopment of the Islamic World

Summary/Abstract: Today, the Islamic world continues to face economic and social development problems. This situation remains important and up-to-date for most Muslim countries. Moreover, until the causes of the problems are determined, solutions will not be found. In this article, the reasons for the problems of backwardness of Muslim societies are discussed. In the study, the main problem areas are presented in two main categories. These are the internal and external causes of underdevelopment. First of all, the unique problems of Islamic civilization were revealed. These problems have emerged as an attitude against science, religion, thought, economy and social life in general. The development of Islamic civilization in the past has been with the understanding of rationality, interpretation and ijtihad, freedom and multiculturalism in science, philosophy and economy. With these factors, the Islamic world has become a mature civilization in a certain period. However, over time, socio-economic development gave way to stagnation and regression. Literalism, fatalism, traditionalism and an understanding of fiqh that cannot keep up with the conditions of the day has now formed a dominant mentality. When wars, occupations and colonialism are added to these negativities, civilization has begun to dissolve. In the last period, the stagnation and introversion that came with the pressure of the Western world has been the last main factor for the backwardness of civilization.

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