Teoria „prawdy realnej” w filozofii Xaviera Zubiriego
The Theory of “Real Truth” in the Philosophy of Xavier Zubiri

Summary/Abstract: The reflection of Xavier Zubiri (1898-1983), a Spanish philosopher, on the subject of real truth is an interesting epistemological proposal about the presence and perception of truth in reality and its apprehension by the intellect in the cognitive act. According to Zubiri, truth is not merely the consistency of the intellect with the thing. In the first view of the thing, reality imposes itself on the "intellection" (intelleción) with a certain force. This is done in the process of "ratification", which, however, is not a reduplication of the thing. Rather than that, it is a self-affirmation or self-installation of what is real in the intellect. The truth is not a representation [representación], but it is the authentic presentation of the things as it is. According to the Spanish philosopher, the real truth (la verdad real) has man in its hands, since it embraces the entire cognizing subject with its "energy". This means that "la verdad real" is the first experience of truth by man, independent of intellectual activity; its primary and spontaneous apprehension.

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