Yeni Belgeler Işığında, 1916 Yılında Rusların Karadeniz Sahilindeki Arhavi’den Batıya Doğru İlerleyişi ve Rize’nin İşgali
In the Light of the New Documents, the Progress of the Russians to the West from Arhavi on the Black Sea Coast in 1916 and the Invasion of Rize

Summary/Abstract: In the First World War, the border between Russian and Turkish forces on the Black Sea Coast front in the Caucasian front was Arhavi Stream in the spring of 1915. 3rd Army Inspector Avni Pasha was appointed to the newly established “Lazistan Region Commandership” on April 5, 1915, with the authority and allocation of the corps, and came to Trabzon on April 6, 1915. The Turkish forces at the front were reorganized. In October 1915, Russia's allies Britain and France decided to withdraw from the Dardanelles Front. Having learned the situation, the Russians wanted to crush the 3rd Army of the Turks with an attack to be made before the Turkish forces that could come from Çanakkale reached the Caucasian Front and planned an attack in the winter. Thereupon in January 1916, clashes broke out between the Turks on the west bank of the Arhavi Valley and the Russian soldiers on the eastern bank. The supremacy in the Black Sea was in the Russian navy. A fleet of the Russian navy came in front of Arhavi and began to support the Russian forces. With the bombardment of the fleet, the Turkish positions were destroyed and on February 6, 1916, the Russian infantry broke through the front and began to advance toward the west. On February 7, 1916, the Russian advance was stopped on the western bank of Caglayan Deresi. The Russians attacked these new positions with their navy and infantry, and on 15/16 February 1916 began to advance west from here. The Turks stopped again on the western side of the Firtina Deresi valley and began to fight. On the morning of March 4, the Russians landed troops from the sea in Pazar, which is in the west of Firtina Deresi. The Turks began to retreat again. While the withdrawal was continuing, the Russians again landed soldiers from the sea in Cayeli on March 5. Advancing from the sea with the support of the navy, the Russians arrived in Taslidere near Rize on March 6 and the Turkish soldiers there dispersed after the conflict. The Russians, who landed soldiers in Rize from the sea, occupied Rize towards the evening of March 6.

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