Художествената литература и психоанализата
Fiction and Psychoanalysis

Summary/Abstract: The article starts with the observation that Sigmund Freud’s teaching is based on the experience gained in the treatment in psychiatric clinics but has become a comprehensive theory seeking to explain the secret manifestations of the spirit. For the first time it has shed light on a series of mysterious mental facts and has made it possible to penetrate into the depths of the unconscious. Psychoanalysis has an experimental basis and is a precise psychological method. It helps establish the spiritual structure composed of the conscious and unconscious and the preconscious in between. Psychic life is governed by two basic principles – pleasure and reality. Artistic creativity largely reflects the struggle between reality and drives as well as its consequences in the unconscious. The reason for psychoanalyzing artistic works as well as the poet's soul, is the fact that aesthetically valuable works are created almost unconsciously. The motives of the work and the poet's characters manifest his inclinations in a disguised form. Therefore the psychoanalysis of a specific work includes not only the analysis of it alone, but also of its author at definite periods of his development. Special attention among the unconscious human complexes has been given to the Oedipus complex which has inspired many authors. His influence on the work of several Bulgarian poets has been analyzed including Hristo Botev, Ivan Vazov, Pencho Slaveykov, Dimcho Debelyanov and Peyo Yavorov

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