Działania hybrydowe na Morzu Bałtyckim. Zarys problemu dla bezpieczeństwa Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
Hybrid Warfare in the Baltic Sea. Outline of the Problem for the Security of the Republic of Poland

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this article is to present possible scenarios in the Baltic Sea as a result of hybrid activities.Present in the literature on the subject, hybrid threats of the Russian Federation, especially in terms of theannexation of Crimea, are considered to be effective tools to achieve strategic goals. Most of these threats arepresented as ambiguous, thus causing difficulties in interpretation as to the act of violence and agresion. Therefore,in the present, for governments, the challenge is to maintain the status quo and to develop effective tools tocounteract such threats. It needs to be emphasized that the determination of states in achieving their national goalscauses them to use tools from the political, economic and information fields as a cheaper alternative to militaryinstruments. In addition, it should be underlined that in the Baltic Sea, excessive exploitation of living and nonlivingresources causes its continuous degradation. Therefore, to keep international order in the Baltic Sea, statesand international organizations introduce different types of laws and regulations to protect their interests andprevent further degradation of the natural environment. Due to their imperfection, they are subject to constantverification and updating, and in specific situations can be cases of an international dispute.

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