Model silnego przywództwa jako antidotum na strach
The model of strong leadership as an antidote to fear

Summary/Abstract: The aim of the article entitled “The model of strong leadership as an antidote to fear”, is to test the hypothesis, that psychological theories show the impact of the emotions of fear and anxiety on the human search for a strong leader. The author first shows the state of research on the phenomenon of leadership from the pre-scientific period in social psychology to the present day. He presents two theories explaining the origins of leadership: the concept of leader traits and the interactive concept. Then he shows the model of a strong leader in the light of three psychological approaches: the concept of a charismatic leader, the concept of an autocratic and democratic leader, and the concept of a transactional and transformational leader. He also analyzes the conditions of strong leadership in terms of the sources of effectiveness and efficiency of the leader. The last point of the analysis is the search for psychological justifications for the mechanism of man’s search for a strong leader on the basis of experienced anxiety and fear. The author evokes the concepts of Karen Horney and Erich Fromm. The conducted analyzes allow, in the light of various psychological theories, to explain that situations that evoke strong emotions of fear and anxiety increase the need for a strong leader. In addition, the author indicates what can be done so that the influence of anxiety and fear of various threats does not cause a blind and irrational desire to escape from freedom.

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