Factors causing depopulation of vulnerable regions: Evidence from Kazakhstan, 2009–2019
Factors causing depopulation of vulnerable regions: Evidence from Kazakhstan, 2009–2019

Summary/Abstract: The methodology for sampling vulnerable regions in Kazakhstan has not been fully developed. This finding highlights the need for further research in this area. The best adaptability to the current economic system is found in urban agglomerations, city centres, and regions with raw material extraction industries and goods in high demand in the global market. However, Kazakhstan's most vulnerable regions are less developed and competitive. Furthermore, these settlements have become impoverished and are currently on the verge of extinction. Additionally, the pandemic has profoundly changed the structure and level of its development, triggering potential vulnera-bility issues, particularly in small settlements where resources and supplies are in short supply. The data analysis pinpointed Kazakhstan's most vulnerable regions, which have a deteriorating environmental status and a lack of social and transportation infra-structure. For the last ten years, these regions have been particularly vulnerable. Data analysis indicated that Kazakhstan's most vulnerable regions have a deteriorating environmental status and lack social and transportation infrastructure. These regions have been particularly vulnerable over the last ten years. The solutions to these challenges lie outside the purview of both the urban and rural levels of government and, therefore, necessitate active government involvement.

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